Sargent Suzanne, Martin Wendy
Hepatology, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London.
Br J Nurs. 2006;15(1):12-6. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2006.15.1.20302.
Liver cirrhosis is an escalating health problem attributed to numerous causes, including an increase in alcohol consumption, morbid obesity and chronic viral hepatitis. The circulatory disturbances seen in advanced cirrhosis lead to the development of ascites, which often lead to progressive renal impairment or the development of hepatorenal syndrome. Furthermore, cirrhotic patients commonly experience clinical situations that predispose them to the development of pre-renal failure, such as dehydration, hypovolaemia, septic shock, or exposure to nephrotoxic drugs. This article provides an overview of the main causes of acute renal failure in liver cirrhosis and describes the current medical and nursing management.
肝硬化是一个日益严重的健康问题,其病因众多,包括酒精摄入量增加、病态肥胖和慢性病毒性肝炎。晚期肝硬化出现的循环障碍会导致腹水形成,而腹水往往会导致进行性肾功能损害或肝肾综合征的发生。此外,肝硬化患者常出现易引发肾前性肾衰竭的临床情况,如脱水、血容量不足、感染性休克或接触肾毒性药物。本文概述了肝硬化患者急性肾衰竭的主要病因,并介绍了当前的医疗和护理管理方法。