Duftschmid Georg, Binder Michael, Wrba Thomas, Dorda Wolfgang, Pehamberger Hubert
Medizinische Statistik und Informatik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Osterreich.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2005 Oct;117(19-20):673-83. doi: 10.1007/s00508-005-0453-5.
Before a telemedical application can be implemented in practice, various technical, organisational, and legal questions have to be solved. The answers to these questions are, however, in most cases not very obvious. Telemedicine guidelines which could provide a path to follow currently exist only for selected medical fields and are frequently customized for particular medical and technical scenarios. The use of existing telemedicine guidelines in Austrian health care is further complicated by the fact that most of them are based on foreign legal systems. This paper therefore aims to develop general telemedicine guidelines which are appropriate for all application areas of telemedicine in Austrian health care. From nine existing telemedicine guidelines for individual medical fields, two generally applicable guidelines were derived. The corresponding abstraction process was based on a categorization of telemedical applications, which is oriented on the communication partners involved. The derived, general guidelines address seven typical problem domains in the practical application of a telemedical application. As opposed to the existing guidelines, they (1) are independent of special medical fields and are therefore appropriate for all application areas of telemedicine -- also in medical fields where no specific guidelines have existed before; (2) are adapted to the Austrian legal system; (3) provide additional insight for medical fields where specific guidelines have already existed, as they can benefit from recommendations of other medical fields where equivalent telemedical applications are employed.
在远程医疗应用能够在实践中实施之前，必须解决各种技术、组织和法律问题。然而，在大多数情况下，这些问题的答案并非显而易见。目前仅针对特定医学领域存在可提供遵循路径的远程医疗指南，并且这些指南经常针对特定的医学和技术场景进行定制。奥地利医疗保健领域中现有远程医疗指南的使用因大多数指南基于外国法律体系这一事实而变得更加复杂。因此，本文旨在制定适用于奥地利医疗保健中远程医疗所有应用领域的通用远程医疗指南。从九个针对个别医学领域的现有远程医疗指南中，推导出了两个普遍适用的指南。相应的抽象过程基于远程医疗应用的分类，该分类以所涉及的通信伙伴为导向。推导得出的通用指南涵盖了远程医疗应用实际应用中的七个典型问题领域。与现有指南不同的是，它们（1）独立于特殊医学领域，因此适用于远程医疗的所有应用领域——也适用于之前不存在特定指南的医学领域；（2）适用于奥地利法律体系；（3）为已经存在特定指南的医学领域提供了额外的见解，因为它们可以受益于采用了等效远程医疗应用的其他医学领域的建议。
