French Sabine Elizabeth, Seidman Edward, Allen LaRue, Aber J Lawrence
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7137, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2006 Jan;42(1):1-10. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.1.1.
The development of ethnic identity is a critical facet of adolescence, particularly for adolescents of color. In order to examine the developmental trajectory of ethnic identity, African American, Latino American, and European American early and middle adolescents (N = 420) were assessed over 3 years. Two components of ethnic identity were assessed--group-esteem was found to rise for both early and middle adolescents; exploration rose for middle adolescents. African Americans and Latino Americans were lower in group-esteem but have greater increases than European Americans, particularly across a school transition. The course of ethnic identity development during early and middle adolescence, the role of school context, and the variability in developmental trajectories among racial and ethnic groups are discussed.
族群认同的发展是青少年时期的一个关键方面，对于有色人种青少年而言尤为如此。为了探究族群认同的发展轨迹，研究人员对420名非裔美国、拉丁裔美国和欧美裔的青少年早期及中期个体进行了为期3年的评估。研究评估了族群认同的两个组成部分——结果发现，青少年早期及中期个体的群体自尊均有所上升；而探索行为在青少年中期有所增加。非裔美国人和拉丁裔美国人的群体自尊较低，但相比欧美裔美国人有更大幅度的增长，尤其是在经历学校过渡期间。本文讨论了青少年早期及中期的族群认同发展过程、学校环境的作用以及不同种族和族裔群体在发展轨迹上的差异。
