Nöller Claudia, Henninger Wolfgang, Grönemeyer Dietrich H W, Hirschberg Ruth M, Budras Klaus D
Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Freie Universität, Koserstrasse 20, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006 Jan-Feb;47(1):53-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2005.00105.x.
Computed tomography (CT) of the nasolacrimal drainage system with and without contrast medium (barium sulfate) was used to create an anatomic basis for clinical evaluation in domestic cats. To evaluate and compare the anatomical findings, three casts were carried out and were followed by CT examinations. These CT series were also used for a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the nasolacrimal drainage system within surrounding structures. In noncontrast CT images, osseous structures limiting the nasolacrimal drainage system are easily recognizable. In most cats, this allows the identification of the nasolacrimal drainage system even without contrast enhancement. A distal part of the lacrimal sac adjoins directly to the respiratory mucosa of the nasal cavity without an osseous protection. Thus, this may represent a predilection site for infiltration of adjacent pathologic processes from the nasal cavity onto the lacrimal sac. The nasolacrimal duct begins on level with the maxillary third premolar tooth. The apex of the root of the canine tooth is situated very close to the nasolacrimal duct. This close topographic relation may lead to problems with the nasolacrimal drainage system. In domestic cats the nasolacrimal drainage system consists of a descending and a horizontal part, which form an angle of approximately 90 degrees for unhindered drainage of the lacrimal fluid.
利用有无造影剂（硫酸钡）的计算机断层扫描（CT）为家猫的临床评估建立解剖学基础。为了评估和比较解剖学发现，进行了三次铸型制作，随后进行CT检查。这些CT系列还用于对鼻泪引流系统在周围结构内进行三维（3D）重建。在非增强CT图像中，限制鼻泪引流系统的骨性结构很容易识别。在大多数猫中，即使不进行增强造影也能识别鼻泪引流系统。泪囊的远端直接毗邻鼻腔的呼吸黏膜，没有骨性保护。因此，这可能是鼻腔相邻病理过程浸润到泪囊的好发部位。鼻泪管始于上颌第三前磨牙水平。犬齿牙根的根尖非常靠近鼻泪管。这种紧密的地形关系可能导致鼻泪引流系统出现问题。在家猫中，鼻泪引流系统由一个下降部分和一个水平部分组成，二者形成约90度的夹角，以利于泪液的顺畅引流。
