Inoue Tetsuo
Department of Anaesthesia, Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Chiba 270 1694.
Masui. 2006 Jan;55(1):5-12.
As a variety of new airway devices has been introduced, the practice of airway management has seemingly become more complex. Among them laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is the single most important development in the past 10 years. It has become a commonly accepted device for routine and rescue airway management, and is now listed in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Difficult Airway Management Algorithm as an airway and a conduit for tracheal intubation. The ASA Task Force on Management of the Difficult Airway recommends us to have a portable storage unit that contains specialized equipment including LMA for difficult airway management. This article focuses on several of the newly developed and the ordinary devices that are listed by the Task Force, with particular emphasis on the difficult airway. Recent information about standardization work of ISO for rigid laryngoscopes, tracheal tubes and supralaryngeal airway devices are also discussed. Each airway devices has unique properties that may be advantageous in certain situations but disadvantageous in others. Choice and combination of device based on experienced clinical judgment may be crucial to their application.
随着各种新型气道装置的引入，气道管理实践似乎变得更加复杂。其中，喉罩气道（LMA）是过去10年中最重要的单一进展。它已成为常规和急救气道管理中普遍接受的装置，现在被列入美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）困难气道管理指南，作为气道和气管插管的通道。ASA困难气道管理特别工作组建议我们配备一个便携式存储单元，其中包含用于困难气道管理的专用设备，包括LMA。本文重点介绍特别工作组列出的几种新开发的和普通的装置，尤其侧重于困难气道。还讨论了ISO关于硬式喉镜、气管导管和喉上气道装置标准化工作的最新信息。每种气道装置都有独特的特性，在某些情况下可能有利，但在其他情况下可能不利。基于经验丰富的临床判断来选择和组合装置对于它们的应用可能至关重要。
