Woodward John J, Ron Dorit, Winder Danny, Roberto Marisa
Department of Neurosciences and Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Feb;30(2):359-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00040.x.
This article summarizes the proceedings of a symposium at the 2005 Research Society on Alcoholism Meeting in Santa Barbara, California, organized and cochaired by John J. Woodward and Dorit Ron. The purpose of the symposium was to discuss recent findings that extend our understanding of the importance of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor as a target for ethanol action in the brain. These receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate and are critically involved in many forms of synaptic plasticity including those associated with learning and memory. In the first presentation, Dorit Ron presented data showing how activation of Fyn or Src tyrosine kinases differentially regulated the cell surface expression and activity of NR2A and NR2B containing NMDA receptors. Danny Winder discussed the effects of ethanol on NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a brain region associated with the interaction between stress and drug/alcohol use. In the third presentation, Marisa Roberto described adaptations in the expression and function of NMDA receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala following chronic exposure to ethanol. Finally, John Woodward described the effects of ethanol on the activity of neurons in deep layers of the prefrontal cortex using a novel slice coculture preparation.
本文总结了由约翰·J·伍德沃德和多丽特·罗恩组织并共同主持的、于2005年在加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉市召开的酒精研究学会会议上的一场专题研讨会的会议记录。该专题研讨会的目的是讨论近期的研究发现，这些发现拓展了我们对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体作为大脑中乙醇作用靶点的重要性的理解。这些受体是配体门控离子通道，由神经递质谷氨酸激活，并且在包括与学习和记忆相关的多种形式的突触可塑性中起关键作用。在第一个报告中，多丽特·罗恩展示了数据，表明Fyn或Src酪氨酸激酶的激活如何差异调节含有NR2A和NR2B的NMDA受体的细胞表面表达和活性。丹尼·温德讨论了乙醇对终纹床核（BNST）中NMDA受体依赖性长时程增强的影响，BNST是一个与应激和药物/酒精使用之间相互作用相关的脑区。在第三个报告中，玛丽莎·罗伯托描述了慢性暴露于乙醇后杏仁核中央核中NMDA受体在表达和功能上的适应性变化。最后，约翰·伍德沃德使用一种新型切片共培养制剂描述了乙醇对前额叶皮质深层神经元活性的影响。
