Kephart Susan, Reynolds Richard J, Rutter Matthew T, Fenster Charles B, Dudash Michele R
Department of Biology, Willamette University, Salem, OR 97301, USA.
New Phytol. 2006;169(4):667-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01619.x.
Nursery pollinators, and the plants they use as hosts for offspring development, function as exemplary models of coevolutionary mutualism. The two pre-eminent examples--fig wasps and yucca moths--show little variation in the interaction: the primary pollinator is an obligate mutualist. By contrast, nursery pollination of certain Caryophyllaceae, including Silene spp., by two nocturnal moth genera, Hadena and Perizoma, ranges from antagonistic to potentially mutualistic, offering an opportunity to test hypotheses about the factors that promote or discourage the evolution of mutualism. Here, we review nursery pollination and host-plant interactions in over 30 caryophyllaceous plants, based on published studies and a survey of researchers investigating pollination, seed predation, and moth morphology and behavior. We detected little direct evidence of mutualism in these moth-plant interactions, but found traits and patterns in both that are nonetheless consistent with the evolution of mutualism and merit further attention.
苗圃传粉者以及它们用作后代发育寄主的植物，是协同进化互利共生的典型范例。两个突出的例子——榕小蜂和丝兰蛾——在这种相互作用中几乎没有变化：主要传粉者是专性互利共生者。相比之下，包括麦瓶草属植物在内的某些石竹科植物由夜蛾属（Hadena和Perizoma）进行的苗圃传粉，范围从拮抗到潜在的互利共生，这为检验关于促进或抑制互利共生进化的因素的假说提供了机会。在此，我们基于已发表的研究以及对调查传粉、种子捕食以及蛾类形态和行为的研究人员的一项调查，回顾了30多种石竹科植物中的苗圃传粉和寄主植物相互作用。我们在这些蛾与植物的相互作用中几乎没有发现互利共生的直接证据，但在两者中都发现了一些特征和模式，这些特征和模式仍然与互利共生的进化一致，值得进一步关注。
