Malik Yashpal S, Maherchandani Sunil, Goyal Sagar M
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55108, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2006 Feb;34(1):31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.05.012.
Improper disinfection of environmental surfaces contaminated by the feces or vomitus of infected patients is believed to be a major cause of the spread of noroviruses (NoV) in close institutional settings. Although several disinfectants are available, the search for safe and effective disinfectant continues. Because alcohol and alcohol-based products have been used as antiseptics and their efficacy against several enveloped viruses has been documented, we wanted to determine their efficacy against nonenveloped calicivirus.
Feline calicivirus (FCV) was used as a surrogate for NoVs, using the carrier test. We evaluated the virucidal efficacy of various concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol against FCV, dried on an inanimate, nonporous contact surface for contact times of 1, 3, and 10 minutes. The virus was eluted after alcohol treatment and titrated in feline kidney cells. Percentage virus inactivation was calculated by comparing these titers with those obtained with virus eluted from controls.
Ethanol at 70% and 90% and isopropanol at 40% to 60% concentrations were found to be the most effective, killing 99% of FCV within a short contact time of 1 minute.
Isopropanol was more efficacious than ethanol at 40% to 60% concentrations, suggesting that the use of an appropriate concentration of isopropanol or ethanol would help in controlling the transmission of NoVs from environmental contact surfaces.
据信，对被感染患者的粪便或呕吐物污染的环境表面进行不当消毒是诺如病毒（NoV）在封闭机构环境中传播的主要原因。尽管有几种消毒剂可供使用，但对安全有效的消毒剂的研究仍在继续。由于酒精和酒精基产品已被用作防腐剂，并且其对几种包膜病毒的有效性已有记录，我们想确定它们对无包膜杯状病毒的有效性。
使用载体试验，将猫杯状病毒（FCV）用作诺如病毒的替代物。我们评估了不同浓度的乙醇和异丙醇对FCV的杀病毒效果，FCV干燥在无生命的、无孔接触表面上，接触时间分别为1、3和10分钟。酒精处理后洗脱病毒，并在猫肾细胞中进行滴定。通过将这些滴度与从对照中洗脱的病毒获得的滴度进行比较，计算病毒灭活百分比。
发现浓度为70%和90%的乙醇以及浓度为40%至60%的异丙醇最有效，在1分钟的短接触时间内可杀死99%的FCV。
浓度为40%至60%的异丙醇比乙醇更有效，这表明使用适当浓度的异丙醇或乙醇将有助于控制诺如病毒从环境接触表面的传播。
