Lýsek H, Ondrus J
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1992;39(1):41-50.
Morphology of the female reproductive system of Ascaris lumbricoides L. was studied in the region starting with the junction between the oviduct and the uterus (O-U) up to the junction of both uterine branches into the vagina with regard to the process of fertilization and formation of egg-shells. In the O-U junction morphology differed in two following sections: a continuous simple squamous up to simple cuboidal epithelium, and simple cuboidal up to columnar epithelium with broad intercellular spaces leading into the lumen of the tubular reproductive organ filled with sperm. The area in the O-U junction zone was found where the wall of the organ was formed by elongated club-shaped cells attached to the common basal lamina by a narrow pedicle. Intercellular spaces thus formed "crypts" which was covered with dilated parts of cells towards the tubular lumen. Crypts were found to be filled with sperm. This area resembles the structure known as the receptaculum seminis where the stored sperm survive. Epithelial cells of the uterus are of cuboidal up to columnar shape with signs of merocrine secretion. In the distal part of the uterus the secretory active cells probably produce viscous secreta allowing the transfer of the eggs towards the vagina. The cells of the uterus wall are elongated and because of their longer axis, they are orientated longitudinally. In centripetal parts, the cell walls do not have contact with each other and form elongated, deep furrows ("canyons") through which the sperm can run against the flow of uterus content up to the junction of the O-U, where they are stored in the spermatheca-like structure. At any time they are disposal for fertilization.
就受精过程和卵壳形成而言，对蛔虫雌性生殖系统从输卵管与子宫连接处（O-U）直至两个子宫分支汇入阴道处的形态进行了研究。在O-U连接处，形态在以下两个部分有所不同：从连续的单层扁平上皮到单层立方上皮，以及从单层立方上皮到柱状上皮，细胞间隙宽阔，通向充满精子的管状生殖器官腔。在O-U连接区发现一个区域，该器官壁由细长的棒状细胞构成，这些细胞通过狭窄的蒂附着于共同的基膜。这样形成的细胞间隙为“隐窝”，其朝向管腔覆盖着细胞的扩张部分。发现隐窝内充满精子。该区域类似于被称为贮精囊的结构，贮存的精子可在此存活。子宫上皮细胞为立方到柱状形状，有局部分泌的迹象。在子宫远端，分泌活跃的细胞可能产生粘性分泌物，使卵子向阴道移动。子宫壁细胞细长，因其较长的轴而纵向排列。在向心部分，细胞壁彼此不接触，形成细长、深陷的沟（“峡谷”），精子可借此逆子宫内容物流向运行至O-U连接处，在此它们被贮存在类似受精囊的结构中。它们随时可用于受精。
