Dods Patti L, Birmingham Erinn M, Williams Tony D, Ikonomou Michael G, Bennie Donald T, Elliott John E
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2005 Dec;24(12):3106-12. doi: 10.1897/04-547r.1.
The uptake and effects of contaminants were measured in the insectivorous tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) at a wastewater treatment site. The study examined reproductive, immunological, and growth endpoints in tree swallows exposed to chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and to 4-nonylphenol in wastewater lagoons at the Iona Wastewater Treatment Plant, Vancouver (BC, Canada). Clutch size was significantly lower in tree swallows breeding at Iona Island in 2000 and 2001 compared to the reference site. In 2000, fledging success was significantly lower and mean mass of nestling livers was significantly higher in the tree swallows breeding at the Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant. Additional factors that may influence reproductive success, such as parental provisioning and diet composition, did not differ significantly between sites. Levels of 4-nonylphenol detected in sediment and insects were elevated at the Iona Island Wastewater Treatment Plant (2000: lagoon sediment 82,000 ng/g dry wt, insects 310 ng/g wet wt; 2001: lagoon sediment 383,900 ng/g dry wt, insects 156 ng/g wet wt) compared to the reference site (2000: pond sediment 1,100 ng/g dry wt, insects not sampled; 2001: pond sediment 642 ng/g dry wt, insects 98 ng/g wet wt). These results indicate that tree swallows might be a useful indicator species for exposure to 4-nonylphenol at wastewater treatment sites: however, further work is necessary to determine the extent of uptake and effects of 4-nonylphenol in riparian insectivorous birds.
在一个废水处理场，对食虫性树燕（双色树燕，Tachycineta bicolor）体内污染物的摄取及影响进行了测量。该研究检测了位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华市伊奥纳废水处理厂废水泻湖中的树燕，在接触氯代烃污染物和4-壬基酚后的繁殖、免疫和生长指标。与参考地点相比，2000年和2001年在伊奥纳岛繁殖的树燕窝卵数显著更低。2000年，在伊奥纳岛废水处理厂繁殖的树燕，其出飞成功率显著更低，雏鸟肝脏平均质量显著更高。其他可能影响繁殖成功率的因素，如亲鸟育雏和饮食组成，在不同地点之间没有显著差异。与参考地点相比，在伊奥纳岛废水处理厂沉积物和昆虫中检测到的4-壬基酚水平有所升高（2000年：泻湖沉积物82,000纳克/克干重，昆虫310纳克/克湿重；2001年：泻湖沉积物383,900纳克/克干重，昆虫156纳克/克湿重）（参考地点：2000年：池塘沉积物1,100纳克/克干重，未对昆虫进行采样；2001年：池塘沉积物642纳克/克干重，昆虫98纳克/克湿重）。这些结果表明，树燕可能是废水处理场中接触4-壬基酚的一种有用指示物种：然而，有必要开展进一步工作，以确定4-壬基酚在河岸食虫鸟类中的摄取程度和影响。
