da Fonseca Adevair H, Pereira Maria Julia S, Góes Maria Hilde de B, Xavier da Silva Jorge
Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Km 7 da BR 465, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23890-000, Brazil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2005 Oct-Dec;14(4):167-72.
The Geo-Environmental System of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro was used with the objective of analyzing the space-temporal distribution of Boophilus microplus ticks in the municipality of Seropédica in different types of pasture, breeding and animal density. Geo-environmental variables, climatic parameters, type of pasture, breeding and animal densities were evaluated and the results were signed. The pasture areas were categorized as very favorable, favorable, little favorable and unfavorable to the development of B. microplus. The lowest favorable rates occurred in the summer and the highest favorable rates occurred in the winter. In the summer, 100% of the areas were unfavorable with animal densities from 1.1 to 1.4 animal unit per hectare (AUH), native pastures and resistant animals. On the other hand, with susceptible animals, keeping the same conditions, the areas were classified as little favorable. Favorability was similar for animal densities from 0.5 to 1.4 AUH and was higher for animal densities from 1.5 to 1.9 AUH. In the winter, the areas were unfavorable with similar rates when resistant animals, with densities < 0.5AUH, native and mixed pastures were used. However, the area of occurrence of ticks was enlarged when cultivated pastures were used. Keeping the same conditions, but using susceptible animals, the favorability rate changed to little favorable for native and mixed pastures, expanding to favorable in cultivated pastures. The methodology used allowed the identification and the quantification of areas of occurrence of B. microplus, as well as its temporal distribution and the effects of animal density, breeding and pasture variations.
里约热内卢联邦大学的地理环境系统被用于分析塞罗佩迪卡市不同类型牧场、养殖情况和动物密度下微小牛蜱的时空分布。对地理环境变量、气候参数、牧场类型、养殖情况和动物密度进行了评估，并得出了结果。牧场区域被分类为对微小牛蜱发育非常有利、有利、不太有利和不利。最低的有利率出现在夏季，最高的有利率出现在冬季。在夏季，每公顷1.1至1.4个动物单位（AUH）的动物密度、天然牧场和抗性动物的情况下，100%的区域不利。另一方面，对于易感动物，在相同条件下，这些区域被分类为不太有利。对于0.5至1.4 AUH的动物密度，有利程度相似，而对于1.5至1.9 AUH的动物密度则更高。在冬季，当使用密度<0.5 AUH的抗性动物、天然牧场和混合牧场时，区域不利程度相似。然而，当使用人工牧场时，蜱虫出现的区域扩大。在相同条件下，但使用易感动物时，对于天然牧场和混合牧场，有利率变为不太有利，而在人工牧场中则扩大到有利。所使用的方法能够识别和量化微小牛蜱出现的区域，以及其时间分布和动物密度、养殖情况和牧场变化的影响。
