Long-term refractive results of myopic LASIK complicated with intraoperative epithelial defects.

PURPOSE

To evaluate the long-term refractive results of LASIK for myopia complicated with intraoperative epithelial defects.

METHODS

Twenty-six eyes with epithelial defects on the LASIK flap were compared with the contralateral eye that had no intraoperative complications. Pre- and postoperative data were compared between the two groups including 3-, 6- and 12-month postoperative spherical equivalent refraction, amount of undercorrection, and complications.

RESULTS

Eyes with intraoperative epithelial defects showed more undercorrection at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (P < .05). No statistically significant difference was noted at 12 months. Twenty (76%) eyes in the epithelial defect group lost best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) at 3 months postoperatively compared with 2 (7%) eyes in the control group. By 1 year, however, only 2 (7%) eyes in the epithelial defect group and no eyes in the control group lost > 1 line of BSCVA. Diffuse lamellar keratitis was observed in 15 (58%) of 26 eyes with epithelial defects and these eyes had more undercorrections at 6 and 12 months (P < .05) and higher corneal irregularity index at 6 and 12 months compared with controls (P < .05). Eyes with small epithelial defects (> 1 mm2 to < 3 mm2) had more undercorrections at 6 months (-1.08 +/- 0.76 diopters [D]) compared with the control group (-0.46 +/- 0.87 D). Eyes with centrally located epithelial defects had more undercorrections and increased corneal irregularity index compared with controls (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

Intraoperative epithelial defects after LASIK should be considered a severe complication that may result in diffuse lamellar keratitis, induce loss of BSCVA, prolong recovery of visual acuity, and induce undercorrection.