Ross Scott R, Putnam Steven H, Adams Kenneth M
Department of Psychology, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN 46135, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006 Jan;28(1):111-25. doi: 10.1080/13803390590929270.
Indices from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989) representing cognitive and emotional disturbance as well as incomplete effort on the Recognition Memory Test (RMT; Warrington, 1984) were examined as predictors of performance on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HRB; Reitan & Wolfson, 1993). In the current study, which included a large sample (N = 369) of patients referred for neuropsychological (NP) evaluation after presumptive head injury, MMPI-2 measures of psychological disturbance accounted for as much as 25% of the variance in HRB test scores, resulting in a moderate overall effect size (median Adj. R(2) = .16; R = .40). When demographic variables, head injury severity, and compensation-seeking status were entered in previous steps, incomplete effort as defined by chance performance on the RMT accounted for between 2% and 13% of the variance in HRB test scores, with modest overall effect size (median R(2) Delta = .07; R = .26) in multiple regression equations. Additionally, when MMPI-2 indices of psychological disturbance were included in the last step, they accounted for 2% to 11% of additional variance, retaining a modest overall effect (median R(2) Delta = .03; R = .17). Compensation-seeking status and injury severity as measured by duration of post-traumatic amnesia were, at best, modestly related to NP test performance. Findings confirm the reliable relationship between test performance and psychological disturbance as well as incomplete effort when assessing dysfunction following head injury. In contrast to previous studies, incomplete effort was unrelated to compensation-seeking status.
明尼苏达多相人格问卷第二版（MMPI - 2；Butcher、Dahlstrom、Graham、Tellegen和Kaemmer，1989）中代表认知和情绪障碍以及在识别记忆测试（RMT；Warrington，1984）中努力程度不足的指标，被作为霍尔斯特德 - 赖坦神经心理测试组（HRB；Reitan和Wolfson，1993）表现的预测因素进行了检验。在当前这项研究中，纳入了大量（N = 369）因疑似头部受伤而被转介进行神经心理（NP）评估的患者样本，MMPI - 2心理障碍测量指标在HRB测试分数的方差中占比高达25%，产生了中等程度的总体效应量（中位数调整后R² = 0.16；R = 0.40）。当在前面步骤中纳入人口统计学变量、头部受伤严重程度和寻求赔偿状态时，RMT上随机表现所定义的努力程度不足在HRB测试分数的方差中占2%至13%，在多元回归方程中有适度的总体效应量（中位数R²变化 = 0.07；R = 0.26）。此外，当在最后一步纳入MMPI - 2心理障碍指标时，它们占额外方差的2%至11%，保持适度的总体效应（中位数R²变化 = 0.03；R = 0.17）。寻求赔偿状态和创伤后遗忘持续时间所衡量的受伤严重程度与NP测试表现最多只是适度相关。研究结果证实了在评估头部受伤后的功能障碍时，测试表现与心理障碍以及努力程度不足之间存在可靠的关系。与先前研究不同的是，努力程度不足与寻求赔偿状态无关。
