Barbier Julie, Lebiller Emmanuelle, Ville Nathalie, Rannou-Bekono Françoise, Carré François
EA 1274 - Laboratory of Physiology and Biomechanics of Muscular Exercise, UFR-APS, University of Rennes 2, France.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2006 Feb;13(1):115-21. doi: 10.1097/00149831-200602000-00018.
Improvement to maximal oxygen uptake is mainly due to myocardial adaptations brought about by physical training. As a consequence, the athlete's heart echocardiographic modifications associated with these adaptations are already well-known. We studied the relationships between maximal oxygen uptake (ml/min) and resting echocardiographic patterns in three athlete groups.
Tumbling (n=16), canoeing (n=12), cycling (n=12) and untrained (n=19) participants performed clinical examination and an echocardiogram. Trained groups performed a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer with gas exchange analysis.
Sport-specific cardiac hypertrophy was observed. No significant echocardiographic difference was noted between untrained and tumbling participants. Canoeists showed higher end-diastolic thickness of the interventricular septum (P<0.001) and left ventricle mass (P<0.05) than untrained and higher posterior wall thickness (P<0.001) and than untrained and tumbling participants. In comparison between untrained, tumbling and cycling participants, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P<0.001) and left ventricular mass (P<0.001) was higher in cyclists. In trained subjects studied as a global group, the main linear correlation with maximal oxygen uptake concerned left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r=0.92; P<0.001), left ventricular mass (r=0.60; P<0.001) and to a lesser extent aortic (r=0.39; P<0.01) and left atrium (r=0.36; P<0.05) diameters and E (r=0.38; P<0.05) and A (r=-0.33; P<0.05) Doppler peak velocities. Each trained group showed specific correlations between echocardiographic parameters and absolute maximal oxygen uptake. No further correlation was noted with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter or left ventricle mass when each group was studied individually.
In athletes, maximal oxygen uptake is partly linked to some resting echocardiographic parameters. Specific relationships between maximal oxygen uptake and some echocardiographic parameters in relation to the sport practised are also observed.
最大摄氧量的提高主要归因于体育锻炼引起的心肌适应性变化。因此，与这些适应性变化相关的运动员心脏超声心动图改变已为人熟知。我们研究了三组运动员的最大摄氧量（毫升/分钟）与静息超声心动图模式之间的关系。
体操运动员（n = 16）、皮划艇运动员（n = 12）、自行车运动员（n = 12）和未受过训练者（n = 19）接受了临床检查和超声心动图检查。训练组在配备气体交换分析设备的自行车测力计上进行了最大分级运动测试。
观察到了特定运动项目的心脏肥大。未受过训练者与体操运动员之间在超声心动图上未发现显著差异。皮划艇运动员的室间隔舒张末期厚度（P < 0.001）和左心室质量（P < 0.05）高于未受过训练者，后壁厚度（P < 0.001）高于未受过训练者和体操运动员。在未受过训练者、体操运动员和自行车运动员之间的比较中，自行车运动员的左心室舒张末期直径（P < 0.001）和左心室质量（P < 0.001）更高。在作为一个整体组进行研究的训练受试者中，与最大摄氧量的主要线性相关性涉及左心室舒张末期直径（r = 0.9；P < 0.001）、左心室质量（r = 0.60；P < 0.001），在较小程度上涉及主动脉（r = 0.39；P < 0.01）和左心房（r = 0.36；P < 0.05）直径以及E（r = 0.38；P < 0.05）和A（r = -0.33；P < 0.05）多普勒峰值速度。每个训练组在超声心动图参数与绝对最大摄氧量之间均显示出特定的相关性。当对每个组分别进行研究时，未发现与左心室舒张末期直径或左心室质量有进一步的相关性。
在运动员中，最大摄氧量部分与一些静息超声心动图参数相关。还观察到最大摄氧量与一些与所从事运动相关的超声心动图参数之间存在特定关系。
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