左心室质量指数与运动：不同体育活动及动脉血压的影响

Left ventricular mass index and sports: the influence of different sports activities and arterial blood pressure.

作者信息

Iglesias Cubero G, Batalla A, Rodriguez Reguero J J, Barriales R, González V, de la Iglesia J L, Terrados N

机构信息

Cardiology Department, Hospital Central de Asturias, c/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.

出版信息

Int J Cardiol. 2000 Sep 15;75(2-3):261-5. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00342-9.

DOI:10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00342-9

PMID:11077144

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The mechanisms by which endurance training produces physiological hypertrophy have been thoroughly investigated but not with young athletes. The aim of our study was to investigate arterial blood pressure exercise responses in young athletes who started heavy training by the age of 11, participating in metabolically different sports (cycling, kayaking, and soccer) and to analyse the influence that arterial blood pressure at maximum exercise and VO(2) max could have on the development of cardiac mass in these subjects.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

We studied a group of well trained normotensive male subjects, comprising 37 cyclists, 15 soccer players and 12 canoeists (mean age, 16+/-1 years). Evaluation included a clinical history and physical examination, M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography, 12-lead resting electrocardiogram and a graded exercise test with direct determination of VO(2) max. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at rest and maximum exercise. Determination of the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was performed using Devereux's formula with correction for the body surface area.

RESULTS

Cyclists showed values of LVMI in g m(-2) significantly higher than those of other subjects (123 vs. 92 and 113). Canoeists showed the maximal arterial blood pressure at maximum exercise in mmHg (190 vs. 172 and 170) and cyclists showed the maximal VO(2) ml kg(-1) min(-1) uptake (57.6 vs. 48.5 and 53.3). A linear correlation was found between LVMI and VO(2) max (r=0.4727, P<0.001) and this correlation was also significant with systolic blood pressure at maximum exercise (r=0.2909, P<0.01). No differences in LVMI were found when comparing those subjects who presented systolic blood pressure at maximum exercise equal or greater than 195 mmHg with those who presented less than this value.

CONCLUSIONS

It can be concluded that VO(2) max is the variable that better correlates with the LVMI. Athletes who reach greater systolic blood pressures at peak exercise have a tendency to develop greater LVMI. In comparison with soccer players and canoeists, cyclists are the sportsmen who develop a greater LVMI and VO(2) max.

摘要

背景

耐力训练产生生理性肥大的机制已得到充分研究，但针对年轻运动员的研究尚未开展。我们研究的目的是调查11岁开始高强度训练、参与代谢方式不同的运动项目（自行车、皮划艇和足球）的年轻运动员的动脉血压运动反应，并分析最大运动时的动脉血压和最大摄氧量对这些受试者心脏质量发展的影响。

受试者与方法

我们研究了一组训练有素的血压正常男性受试者，包括37名自行车运动员、15名足球运动员和12名皮划艇运动员（平均年龄16±1岁）。评估内容包括临床病史和体格检查、M型和二维超声心动图、12导联静息心电图以及直接测定最大摄氧量的分级运动试验。在静息和最大运动时测量收缩压和舒张压。使用Devereux公式并校正体表面积来测定左心室质量指数（LVMI）。

结果

自行车运动员的LVMI值（g/m²）显著高于其他受试者（123 vs. 92和113）。皮划艇运动员在最大运动时的动脉血压最高（mmHg，190 vs. 172和170），自行车运动员的最大摄氧量最高（ml/kg⁻¹min⁻¹，57.6 vs. 48.5和53.3）。LVMI与最大摄氧量之间存在线性相关性（r = 0.4727，P < 0.001），与最大运动时的收缩压也存在显著相关性（r = 0.2909，P < 0.01）。比较最大运动时收缩压等于或高于195 mmHg的受试者与低于该值的受试者，LVMI无差异。