出生情况：2004年初步数据。

Births: preliminary data for 2004.

作者信息

Hamilton Brady E, Martin Joyce A, Ventura Stephanie J, Sutton Paul D, Menacker Fay

机构信息

Divison of Vital Statistics, US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, USA.

出版信息

Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2005 Dec 29;54(8):1-17.

PMID:16450552

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This report presents preliminary data for 2004 on births in the United States. U.S. data on births are shown by age, race, and Hispanic origin of mother. Data on marital status, tobacco use, prenatal care, cesarean delivery, preterm births, and low birthweight (LBW) are also presented.

METHODS

Data in this report are based on 99.1 percent of births for 2004. The records are weighted to independent control counts of all births received in State vital statistics offices in 2004. Comparisons are made with 2003 data.

RESULTS

The crude birth rate declined 1 percent to 14.0 births per 1,000 population. The fertility rate, however, rose slightly to 66.3 births per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years. Birth rates for teenagers 15-19 years declined modestly. The rate in 2004 was 41.2 births per 1,000 females aged 15-19 years, 1 percent lower than in 2003. Rates declined 1 percent each for teenagers 15-17 and 18-19 years. The rate for 10-14 year-olds increased slightly. The birth rate for women aged 20-24 years declined 1 percent to 101.8, a record low for the Nation. The rate for women aged 25-29 years remained essentially unchanged at 115.5 per 1,000. The birth rate for women aged 30-34 years rose less than 1 percent to 95.5 per 1,000, whereas the rates for women aged 35-39 and 40-44 years increased 3 to 4 percent each. The rate for women aged 45-49 years rose to 0.6 per 1,000. Childbearing by unmarried women rose to a record high of almost 1.5 million births in 2004, a 4-percent increase from 2003. The proportion of all births to unmarried women increased to 35.7 percent. Smoking during pregnancy declined slightly in 2004, to 10.2 percent of mothers in the 40-State reporting area. There was no improvement in timely receipt of prenatal care. In 2004, 83.9 percent of mothers in the 41-State reporting area began care in the first trimester. A record high cesarean delivery rate was reported in 2004, at 29.1 percent of all births, a 6-percent increase from 2003. The primary cesarean rate rose 8 percent, whereas the rate of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery declined 13 percent. Preterm and LBW rates each increased in 2004. More than 500,000 infants were born preterm, a rate of 12.5 percent. The LBW rate increased to 8.1 percent.

摘要

目标

本报告展示了2004年美国出生情况的初步数据。美国的出生数据按母亲的年龄、种族和西班牙裔血统进行展示。还呈现了婚姻状况、吸烟情况、产前护理、剖宫产、早产和低体重儿（LBW）的数据。

方法

本报告中的数据基于2004年99.1%的出生记录。这些记录经过加权处理，以独立对照2004年各州生命统计办公室收到的所有出生记录数量。并与2003年的数据进行比较。

结果

粗出生率下降1%，降至每1000人口14.0例出生。然而，生育率略有上升，达到每1000名15至44岁女性66.3例出生。15至19岁青少年的出生率略有下降。2004年的比率为每1000名15至19岁女性41.2例出生，比2003年低1%。15至17岁和18至19岁青少年的比率均下降1%。10至14岁青少年的比率略有上升。20至24岁女性的出生率下降1%，降至101.8，为全国历史最低。25至29岁女性的比率基本保持不变，为每1000人115.5例。30至34岁女性的出生率上升不到1%，达到每1000人95.5例，而35至39岁和40至44岁女性的比率分别上升3%至4%。45至49岁女性的比率升至每1000人0.6例。2004年未婚女性生育数量升至近150万例的历史新高，比2003年增加4%。未婚女性生育占所有生育的比例增至35.7%。2004年孕期吸烟情况略有下降，在40个州报告地区，吸烟母亲占比降至10.2%。及时接受产前护理的情况没有改善。2004年，在41个州报告地区，83.9%的母亲在孕早期开始接受护理。2004年报告的剖宫产率创历史新高，占所有分娩的29.1%，比2003年增加6%。初次剖宫产率上升8%，而剖宫产后阴道分娩率下降13%。2004年早产率和低体重儿率均有所上升。超过50万婴儿早产，早产率为12.5%。低体重儿率升至8.1%。