Höglund Petter
Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur J Immunol. 2006 Feb;36(2):264-6. doi: 10.1002/eji.200535797.
In order to control immune reactions and to prevent autoimmunity, the immune system relies on a multitude of regulatory T cells (Treg). Most work in this field has focussed on Treg of the CD4(+) T cell subset because of the central role CD4(+) T cells play as initiators and regulators of immune responses. One discovery of particular importance was the identification of naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg that arise in the thymus and express the transcription factor Foxp3; however, Treg can also be induced in the periphery after immune activation. A paper in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology identifies a novel type of induced murine CD8(+) Treg that arise in TCR HY transgenic female mice after injection of MHC class I tetramers loaded with HY peptide. These Treg prevent subsequent rejection of male skin grafts suggesting that their manipulation may represent a new way of improving graft rejections against minor histocompatibility barriers.
为了控制免疫反应并预防自身免疫，免疫系统依赖于多种调节性T细胞（Treg）。由于CD4(+) T细胞作为免疫反应的启动者和调节者发挥着核心作用，该领域的大多数研究都集中在CD4(+) T细胞亚群的Treg上。一个特别重要的发现是鉴定出了天然存在的CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg，它们在胸腺中产生并表达转录因子Foxp3；然而，Treg也可以在免疫激活后的外周被诱导产生。本期《欧洲免疫学杂志》上的一篇论文鉴定出了一种新型的诱导性小鼠CD8(+) Treg，它们在注射负载HY肽的MHC I类四聚体后出现在TCR HY转基因雌性小鼠中。这些Treg可防止随后对雄性皮肤移植物的排斥反应，这表明对它们的操控可能代表了一种改善针对次要组织相容性屏障的移植物排斥反应的新方法。
