Pediatric DXA bone measurements.

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has become the most commonly employed technique worldwide for assessment of bone mineral content in adults and children. DXA interpretation in children is more complex because bone dimensions are highly dynamic. Pediatric use of DXA can be used to identify risk of adult osteoporosis. This technology and the increasing knowledge of the genetics, mutations, and mutagens associated with the development of osteoporosis are tools to identify the phenotypes and genotypes in children at risk for osteoporosis later in life, and to design appropriate early interventions for this condition. This paper gives a brief overview of how DXA works, calibration issues, efficacy, safety, and test interpretation.