Turgut Teyfik, Taşdemir Canatan, Muz M Hamdi, Deveci Figen, Kirkil Gamze
Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elaziğ, Turkey.
Tuberk Toraks. 2005;53(4):371-8.
Occupational asthma (OA) is characterized by reversible airway obstruction and/or bronchial hyperresponsiveness occurred after exposition to dust, vapor, gas or smoke which are present in the workplace. We aimed to determine the frequency of OA in auto and furniture dye workers in our city center. One-hundred-forty-two workers in Elazig Central Industrial Centre (86 auto, 56 furniture dyes) were included in the study. The workers were questioned with "Turkish Thorax Association Occupational and Environmental Pulmonary Diseases Evaluation Form", and physical examination and pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed. Follow of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and reversibility tests were performed to patients who had complaints or abnormality in PFT. The workers who had reversibility and positive daily PEFR variability were taken away from work and PEFR variables were followed. The workers had no symptoms when they were taken away from work and daily PEFR were below than 20%, accepted as OA. Twenty-one workers of 22 workers who have abnormal questionnaire, symptoms and abnormality in PFT, accepted daily PEFR measurements. Daily PEFR variability and reversibility test were positive in 5 (3.52%) workers who were accepted as OA. We detected the prevalence of OA, an important worker health problem, was 3.52% in auto and furniture dyes in industrial centre of our city. We think that the prevalence of OA can be determined with detailed history, serial PEFR follow and using PFT, in the absence of specific bronchial provocative tests. Thus, it is important to be become conscious about OA the groups who are under risk.
职业性哮喘（OA）的特征是在接触工作场所中存在的粉尘、蒸汽、气体或烟雾后出现可逆性气道阻塞和/或支气管高反应性。我们旨在确定我市中心汽车和家具染料工人中职业性哮喘的发生率。来自埃拉泽市中心工业中心的142名工人（86名汽车工人，56名家具染料工人）被纳入研究。使用“土耳其胸科协会职业和环境肺部疾病评估表”对工人进行询问，并进行体格检查和肺功能测试（PFT）。对有症状或肺功能测试异常的患者进行呼气峰值流速（PEFR）监测和可逆性测试。对具有可逆性且每日PEFR变异性为阳性的工人让其脱离工作岗位，并对PEFR变量进行监测。当工人脱离工作岗位且每日PEFR低于20%时无症状，则被认定为职业性哮喘。在22名问卷异常、有症状且肺功能测试异常的工人中，有21名接受了每日PEFR测量。在被认定为职业性哮喘的5名（3.52%）工人中，每日PEFR变异性和可逆性测试呈阳性。我们发现，在我市工业中心的汽车和家具染料工人中，职业性哮喘这一重要的工人健康问题的患病率为3.52%。我们认为，在没有特定支气管激发试验的情况下，通过详细的病史、连续的PEFR监测和使用肺功能测试可以确定职业性哮喘的患病率。因此，提高对职业性哮喘高危人群的认识很重要。
