Gutarowska Beata, Wiszniewska Marta, Walusiak Jolanta, Piotrowska Małgorzata, Pałczyński Cezary, Zakowska Zofia
Technical University of Lódź, Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Poland.
Pol J Microbiol. 2005;54 Suppl:13-20.
The presented study concerned mycological analysis of buildings in Lódź and evaluation of the role between filamentous fungi contaminated flats and inhabitants health (allergic airway diseases). 49 inhabitants of 20 flats with signs of moulds contamination were examined. Air samples were collected in houses and outdoors. In all inhabitants skin prick tests (SPT) to common allergens and to standardized particular fungal extracts were performed. Moreover, total and serum specific IgE to moulds, rest spirometry were measured in all subjects. Level of moulds contamination in the air of flats was high and in 75% cases exceed accepted limits. The most frequent species isolated from examined rooms were: Penicillium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Acremoniu and Alternaria. The most frequent symptoms reported by examined subjects were rhinitis (N = 29, 59.2%), conjunctivitis (N = 29, 59.2%), chronic cough (N = 24, 49%), dyspnea (N = 15, 30.6%) and skin symptoms (N = 24, 49%). Elevated IgE level was found in 12 subjects (24.5%) and in three patients (6.1%) mould specific serum IgE were detected. Nineteen out of all subjects (38.8%) had positive SPT to common allergens (house dust mites, grass and tree pollens). Eight out of these patients (16.3% of the group) were sensitized to moulds (Candida albicans, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Helminthosporium halodes, Aspergillus). In all cases sensitisation to moulds was accompanied by allergy to other common allergens. No isolated hypersensitivity to moulds was found. Although the frequency of self-reported symptoms was high, the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases seems to be similar to that found in general population, but that statement must be confirmed by comparison of the control group.
本研究涉及罗兹市建筑物的真菌学分析，以及对受丝状真菌污染的公寓与居民健康（过敏性气道疾病）之间关系的评估。对20套有霉菌污染迹象的公寓中的49名居民进行了检查。在室内和室外采集了空气样本。对所有居民进行了针对常见过敏原和标准化特定真菌提取物的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。此外，还测量了所有受试者针对霉菌的总IgE和血清特异性IgE、肺功能。公寓空气中的霉菌污染水平很高，75%的情况超过了可接受的限度。从检查房间中分离出的最常见菌种有：青霉菌、枝孢菌、曲霉菌、顶孢霉和链格孢菌。受检者报告的最常见症状为鼻炎（N = 29，59.2%）、结膜炎（N = 29，59.2%）、慢性咳嗽（N = 24，49%）、呼吸困难（N = 15，30.6%）和皮肤症状（N = 24，49%）。12名受试者（24.5%）的IgE水平升高，3名患者（6.1%）检测到霉菌特异性血清IgE。所有受试者中有19名（38.8%）对常见过敏原（屋尘螨、草和树花粉）的皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。其中8名患者（占该组的16.3%）对霉菌（白色念珠菌、链格孢菌、灰葡萄孢菌、须癣毛癣菌、盐生蠕孢菌、曲霉菌）致敏。在所有病例中，对霉菌的致敏都伴有对其他常见过敏原的过敏。未发现对霉菌的孤立性超敏反应。尽管自我报告症状的发生率很高，但特应性和过敏性疾病的患病率似乎与普通人群相似，但这一说法必须通过与对照组的比较来证实。
