Krawczyk P, Kowalski M L, Ochecka-Szymańska A
Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze Biologii i Parazytologii Lekarskiej AM 90-436 Lódź.
Wiad Parazytol. 1999;45(2):255-62.
The real contribution of moulds to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases remains unknown, although positive skin prick tests and/or specific serum IgE to moki allergens can be detected in 1-5% of atopic patients. A significant problem in assesment of exposure to mould allergens, resulting with difficulty in standarization of methods. The aim of this work was to assess the concentration of spores of 8 mould species in flats inhabited by peoples who Bont show any symptoms of allergy. The Open Petri Dish (OPD) method involving sedimentation of participles contained in the column of air over the dish was used to assess the number of spores in 1 m3 of indoor atmospheres. All colonies were counted, but only 8 mould species implicated in inhaled allergy were identified, ie.: Alternaria tenuis, Cladosporium herbarum, Helminthosporum halodes, Pullularia pullulans, Penicillium notatam, Rhizopus nigricans, Mucor mucedo, Aspergillus fumigatus. The tests were carried out in 10 flats located in various quarters of the cify of Lodź during three consecutive days of September 1995 between 5:00 pm and 6:04 pm. In analyzing the percentage of spores of each of the eight mould species tested we determined that, independent of fiat and test day, C. herbarum predominated. It is good agreement with the observations of other authors who report that among large quantities of fungi that are detected in late summer, usually C. herbarum spores dominate. This is the season when the incidence of the Cladosporium spores in the atmospheric air increases. Spores of H. halodes were detected least frequently. Our study demonstrated the presence of substantial amounts of mould spores in indoor air of houses in Lódź. The spores belong to species with documented allergenicity, suggesting that they may play a role in development of allergic sensitization in susceptible subjects.
尽管在1%-5%的特应性患者中可检测到对霉菌过敏原的阳性皮肤点刺试验和/或特异性血清IgE,但霉菌在过敏性疾病发病机制中的实际作用仍不清楚。评估霉菌过敏原暴露的一个重大问题是方法难以标准化。这项工作的目的是评估在无任何过敏症状的人群居住的公寓中8种霉菌的孢子浓度。采用开放培养皿(OPD)法,通过沉降培养皿上方气柱中含有的颗粒物来评估1立方米室内空气中的孢子数量。对所有菌落进行计数,但仅鉴定出8种与吸入性过敏有关的霉菌,即:细交链孢霉、草本枝孢霉、盐生蠕孢菌、出芽短梗霉、点青霉、黑根霉、总状毛霉、烟曲霉。1995年9月连续三天的下午5:00至6:04,在罗兹市不同区域的10套公寓中进行了测试。在分析所测试的8种霉菌中每种霉菌孢子的百分比时,我们确定,无论公寓和测试日期如何,草本枝孢霉占主导地位。这与其他作者的观察结果一致,他们报告说,在夏末检测到的大量真菌中,通常草本枝孢霉孢子占主导。这是大气空气中枝孢菌孢子发生率增加的季节。盐生蠕孢菌的孢子检测频率最低。我们的研究表明,罗兹市房屋的室内空气中存在大量霉菌孢子。这些孢子属于有文献记载具有致敏性的物种,表明它们可能在易感人群的过敏性致敏发展中起作用。