Youl Philippa H, Janda Monika, Elwood Mark, Lowe John B, Ring Ian T, Aitken Joanne F
Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, Queensland Cancer Fund, P.O. Box 201, Spring Hill, Qld 4004, Australia.
Cancer Detect Prev. 2006;30(1):44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.cdp.2005.10.003. Epub 2006 Feb 2.
Screening may reduce morbidity and mortality associated with melanoma, although in the absence of randomized-controlled trials, this remains unproven.
As part of a randomized community-based trial of melanoma screening in Queensland, Australia, sociodemographic characteristics, skin cancer risk factors and attitudes towards skin cancer associated with attendance at screening clinics and reasons for attendance or non-attendance were examined. A telephone survey was conducted among 743 attendees and 298 non-attendees.
After adjustment, the following factors were associated with clinic attendance: age 40-49 years, having fair skin, a personal history of skin cancer or melanoma or concern about a specific spot or mole, and no recent whole-body skin examination by a doctor. The main reasons for attendance were "to see if I have melanoma", "to have a suspicious mole checked" or "to have a whole-body skin examination". The main reasons for non-attendance were lack of knowledge about the clinics, no time or being away while the clinics were held and having had a skin check in the recent past. Overall, 77% of non-attendees compared to 65% of attendees stated they planned to participate in future screening.
The results suggest that we were able to attract both men and women equally to a skin screening clinic, along with those at all levels of education and indicate the importance of using well-designed promotional materials to attract community members to skin screening clinics. Future work should test strategies to remove barriers to participation in skin screening identified in this study.
筛查可能会降低与黑色素瘤相关的发病率和死亡率，尽管在缺乏随机对照试验的情况下，这一点仍未得到证实。
作为澳大利亚昆士兰州一项基于社区的黑色素瘤筛查随机试验的一部分，研究了社会人口学特征、皮肤癌风险因素以及与前往筛查诊所就诊相关的对皮肤癌的态度，以及就诊或未就诊的原因。对743名就诊者和298名未就诊者进行了电话调查。
调整后，以下因素与前往诊所就诊相关：年龄40 - 49岁、皮肤白皙、有皮肤癌或黑色素瘤个人病史或对特定斑点或痣感到担忧，以及近期未由医生进行全身皮肤检查。就诊的主要原因是“看看自己是否患有黑色素瘤”、“检查可疑痣”或“进行全身皮肤检查”。未就诊的主要原因是对诊所缺乏了解、没有时间或在诊所开展筛查时不在当地，以及近期已进行过皮肤检查。总体而言，77%的未就诊者表示他们计划参加未来的筛查，而就诊者中这一比例为65%。
结果表明，我们能够平等地吸引男性和女性以及各个教育水平的人群前往皮肤筛查诊所，并表明使用精心设计的宣传材料吸引社区成员前往皮肤筛查诊所的重要性。未来的工作应测试消除本研究中确定的参与皮肤筛查障碍的策略。
