Thomas V F D, Braun S, Flückiger W
Institute for Applied Plant Biology, Sandgrubenstr. 25/27, 4124 Schönenbuch, Switzerland.
Environ Pollut. 2006 Sep;143(2):341-54. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.11.036. Epub 2006 Feb 2.
Beech seedlings were grown under different nitrogen fertilisation regimes (0, 20, 40, and 80 kg Nha(-1)yr(-1)) for three years and were fumigated with either charcoal-filtered (F) or ambient air (O3). Nitrogen fertilisation increased leaf necroses, aphid infestations, and nutrient ratios in the leaves (N:P and N:K), as a result of decreased phosphorus and potassium concentrations. For plant growth, biomass accumulation, and starch concentrations, a positive nitrogen effect was found, but only for fertilisations of up to 40 kg Nha(-1) yr(-1). The highest nitrogen load, however, reduced leaf area, leaf water content, growth, biomass accumulation, and starch concentrations, whereas soluble carbohydrate concentrations were enhanced. The ozone fumigation resulted in reduced leaf area, leaf water content, shoot growth, root biomass accumulation, and decreased starch, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations, increasing the N:P and N:K ratios. A combined effect of the two pollutants was detected for the leaf area and the shoot elongation, where ozone fumigation amplified the nitrogen effects.
山毛榉幼苗在不同施氮量（0、20、40和80千克氮每公顷每年）条件下生长三年，并用活性炭过滤空气（F）或环境空气（O3）进行熏蒸处理。由于磷和钾浓度降低，施氮增加了叶片坏死、蚜虫侵害以及叶片中的养分比例（氮：磷和氮：钾）。对于植物生长、生物量积累和淀粉浓度，发现了氮的正向效应，但仅在施氮量高达40千克氮每公顷每年时存在。然而，最高氮负荷降低了叶面积、叶片含水量、生长、生物量积累和淀粉浓度，而可溶性碳水化合物浓度则增加。臭氧熏蒸导致叶面积、叶片含水量、地上部生长、根系生物量积累减少，淀粉、磷和钾浓度降低，氮：磷和氮：钾比例增加。对于叶面积和地上部伸长检测到两种污染物的综合效应，其中臭氧熏蒸放大了氮的效应。
