Solution structure and binding specificity of FBP11/HYPA WW domain as Group-II/III.

The Group-II/III WW domains bind Pro-rich sequences, the most frequent protein motif found in eucaryotic genomes. We have proposed that the Group-II and -III WW domains be merged into a larger group because the members of each group have relatively wide specificity and bind to the common ligands [Kato et al., J Biol Chem 2004;279:31833-31841]. We have also proposed that Group-II/III has a common surface patch, the XP2 groove, to bind the ligands. The first WW domain of FBP11/HYPA is one of the Group-II/III WW domains. The solution structure of the 26 residue-long converged region exhibits an antiparallel triple stranded beta-sheet with a small hydrophobic core. The WW domain of FBP11/HYPA has both XP and XP2 grooves on its surface. Ligand titration by 1H-15N HSQC NMR spectra revealed that the WW domain of FBP11/HYPA binds all the peptides with the PL, PP, and PR motifs. The profile patterns of chemical shift perturbation were quite similar among the spectra titrated with all three ligands. In addition, the titration significantly shifts the signals of the residues that compose the XP2 groove. All these findings suggest the functional importance of the XP2 groove and group definition of Group-II/III of the WW domains.