Willey Neil, Fawcett Kathy
Centre for Research in Plant Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2005;7(4):295-306. doi: 10.1080/16226510500327152.
High concentrations of 35Cl and the radioisotope 36Cl (produced naturally by cosmic radiation and anthropogenically by U fission and the use of neutron sources) can be problematic in soil, but are potentially amenable to phytoremediation if appropriate plants can be found. Here, results are reported that might aid the selection of plants with unusually high or low uptake of 36Cl A residual maximum likelihood analysis was used to estimate, from 13 experiments, relative 36Cl uptake by 106 species across the angiosperm phylogeny. Nested analysis of variance, coded using a recent angiosperm phylogeny, showed that there were significant inter-species differences in 36Cl uptake and that species behavior was not independent; but linked through theirphylogeny. Eudicots had significantly higher 36Cl uptake than Monocots and related clades and, in particular the Orders Caryophyllales, Apiales, and Cucurbitales had high uptake while the Poales, Lillales, Brassicales, and Fabales had low uptake. Overall, 35% of the inter-taxa variation in 36Cl was attributed to the taxonomic ranks of Order and above, a significant phylogenetic effect compared with other elements for which similar analyses have been published. The implications of these findings for selecting plants for phytoremediation of soil contaminated with 35/36Cl are discussed.
高浓度的³⁵Cl和放射性同位素³⁶Cl（由宇宙辐射自然产生，以及由铀裂变和使用中子源人为产生）在土壤中可能会成为问题，但如果能找到合适的植物，它们有可能适合进行植物修复。在此，报告了一些结果，这些结果可能有助于选择对³⁶Cl吸收异常高或低的植物。使用残差最大似然分析，根据13个实验估计了被子植物系统发育中106个物种对³⁶Cl的相对吸收量。使用最近的被子植物系统发育进行编码的嵌套方差分析表明，³⁶Cl吸收存在显著的种间差异，且物种行为并非独立；而是通过它们的系统发育联系在一起。双子叶植物对³⁶Cl的吸收显著高于单子叶植物和相关分支，特别是石竹目、伞形目和葫芦目吸收量高，而禾本目、百合目、十字花目和豆目吸收量低。总体而言，³⁶Cl的类群间变异中有35%归因于目及以上的分类等级，与已发表类似分析的其他元素相比，这是一个显著的系统发育效应。讨论了这些发现对选择用于修复受³⁵/³⁶Cl污染土壤的植物的意义。
