Jónsdóttir Sigurlaug María, Thorsteinsdóttir Gudlaug
Department of Psychiatry, Landspítali University Hospital, Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Laeknabladid. 2006 Feb;92(2):97-104.
Eating disorders are a group of serious psychiatric disorders that affect primarily young women and can have serious consequences on their lives and their families. Eating disorders are characterized by disordered eating behaviour with desire for thinness that can result in serious physical and psychological symptoms and death. Eating disorders tend to run a chronic course. Psychiatric comorbidity and physical complications are common among eating disordered patients and these issues need to be taken into consideration during treatment. Prevalence and incidence of eating disorders appears to be increasing in Western societies and follow increased prosperity and obesity problems. There is no reason to believe that the situation is different in Iceland but research is lacking. In this review article we address the main symptoms and diagnostic criteria of three types of eating disorders, that is anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified. The course and prognosis, epidemiology, and psychiatric comorbidity of eating disorders will also be presented. Finally, we discuss the services available to eating disordered patients here in Iceland and the need for further development of the services.
饮食失调是一组严重的精神疾病，主要影响年轻女性，会对她们的生活及其家庭造成严重后果。饮食失调的特征是饮食行为紊乱，渴望瘦身，这可能导致严重的身体和心理症状甚至死亡。饮食失调往往病程呈慢性。精神疾病共病和身体并发症在饮食失调患者中很常见，在治疗过程中需要考虑这些问题。在西方社会，饮食失调的患病率和发病率似乎在上升，且随着繁荣程度增加和肥胖问题而增加。没有理由认为冰岛的情况会有所不同，但目前缺乏相关研究。在这篇综述文章中，我们阐述了三种饮食失调类型的主要症状和诊断标准，即神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症和未特定的饮食失调症。还将介绍饮食失调的病程和预后、流行病学以及精神疾病共病情况。最后，我们讨论了冰岛为饮食失调患者提供的服务以及进一步发展这些服务的必要性。
