Rose Claudia, Röhl Friedrich-Wilhelm, Schwegler Herbert, Hanke Joachim, Yilmazer-Hanke Deniz M
Institut für Anatomie, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magde- burg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Behav Genet. 2006 Sep;36(5):745-62. doi: 10.1007/s10519-005-9037-4.
Reciprocal embryo transfers were conducted to examine genetic and maternal effects on the behavior of inbred C3H/HeN and DBA/2J mice, and outbred NMRI mice using a motility-box. The behavioral variables measured were (i) horizontal locomotor activity assessed as the path and time spent during traveling; (ii) vertical activity assessed as the time spent with and numbers of rearings/leanings; (iii) and the time spent in the more anxiogenic central field. The transfer procedure per se resulted in a minor increase in vertical activity of inbred C3H/HeN mice, but had no effect in inbred DBA/2J mice. In contrast, outbred NMRI mice displayed a lower central field activity following embryo transfer indicating a higher anxiety level. Moreover, genetic differences between the mouse strains studied remained stable following embryo transfer for locomotor and vertical activity, but not central field activity depending on the recipient mother strain. Maternal effects were found for (i) vertical activity in the two inbred mouse strains, (ii) all behavioral variables studied in outbred NMRI mice, and (iii) an interaction with gender for the time spent in the anxiogenic central field. An additional fostering procedure revealed that the vertical activity of NMRI mice was modified towards the behavior of the recipient C3H/HeN strain by uterine factors, whereas the postnatal maternal effect of C3H/HeN mothers was the opposite. In summary, the effects of the embryo transfer procedure per se, stability of genetic characteristics following embryo transfer and maternal effects were related to the mouse strains used as donators and recipients, and the behavioral variables studied.
进行了相互胚胎移植实验，以研究基因和母体效应，对近交系C3H/HeN和DBA/2J小鼠以及远交系NMRI小鼠在运动箱中的行为的影响。所测量的行为变量包括：（i）水平运动活性，通过行进路径和花费时间评估；（ii）垂直活性，通过直立/倾斜所花费时间和次数评估；（iii）在更具焦虑诱导性的中央区域所花费时间。移植过程本身导致近交系C3H/HeN小鼠的垂直活性略有增加，但对近交系DBA/2J小鼠没有影响。相比之下，远交系NMRI小鼠在胚胎移植后中央区域活性较低，表明焦虑水平较高。此外，所研究的小鼠品系之间的基因差异在胚胎移植后对于运动和垂直活性保持稳定，但中央区域活性则取决于受体母本品系。发现母体效应存在于：（i）两种近交系小鼠的垂直活性；（ii）远交系NMRI小鼠所研究的所有行为变量；（iii）在焦虑诱导性中央区域所花费时间与性别的相互作用。一项额外的寄养程序显示，子宫因素使NMRI小鼠的垂直活性向受体C3H/HeN品系的行为改变，而C3H/HeN母亲的产后母体效应则相反。总之，胚胎移植过程本身的效应、胚胎移植后遗传特征的稳定性以及母体效应与用作供体和受体的小鼠品系以及所研究的行为变量有关。
