Anuradha B, Aparna S, Hari Sai Priya V, Vijaya Lakshmi V, Akbar Y, Suman Latha G, Murthy K J R
Immunology Unit, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad, India.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006 Jan;10(1):58-62.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP), is considered a threat to TB control. Implementation of DOTS ensures high cure rates and prevents MDR.
To study the prevalence of MDR-TB from a retrospective analysis of the data in a tuberculosis unit where DOTS was implemented over a period of 6 years through public private mix (PPM).
Drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples isolated from the cultures of newly registered and retreatment sputum smear-positive cases during 2001-2003.
During the study, 909 sputum-positive cases were registered and analysed. Of these, 714 were new and 195 were retreatment sputum-positive cases. INH resistance was found in 3.2% (23) of new and 9.2% (18) of retreatment cases. RMP resistance was present in 1.5% (11) of new and 7.2% (14) of retreatment cases. MDR was present only in 0.14% (1) of new and 2% (4) of retreatment cases. New cases had cure rates of 96% compared to 85% in retreatment cases.
The prevalence of MDR-TB is low where success rates are high.
耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）被定义为至少对异烟肼（INH）和利福平（RMP）耐药，被视为结核病控制的一大威胁。直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）的实施可确保高治愈率并预防耐多药情况。
通过对一家结核病治疗单位6年间通过公私合作（PPM）实施DOTS的数据进行回顾性分析，研究耐多药结核病的患病率。
对2001 - 2003年期间从新登记和复治痰涂片阳性病例培养物中分离出的结核分枝杆菌样本进行药敏试验。
在研究期间，共登记并分析了909例痰涂片阳性病例。其中，714例为新病例，195例为复治痰涂片阳性病例。新病例中3.2%（23例）存在异烟肼耐药，复治病例中9.2%（18例）存在异烟肼耐药。新病例中1.5%（11例）存在利福平耐药，复治病例中7.2%（14例）存在利福平耐药。耐多药情况仅在0.14%（1例）的新病例和2%（4例）的复治病例中出现。新病例的治愈率为96%，而复治病例的治愈率为85%。
在成功率高的地方，耐多药结核病的患病率较低。
