Parellada Eduard
Clinic Schizophrenia Program, Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Curr Med Res Opin. 2006 Feb;22(2):241-55. doi: 10.1185/030079906X80396.
Risperidone is the first atypical anti-psychotic available in a long-acting injectable formulation.
To provide an overview of the initial clinical experience gained with long-acting risperidone during clinical trials and in general treatment, including specific case studies, as well as providing practical advice on how to initiate treatment with this new drug.
Studies published between January 2002 and June 2005 that evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of long-acting risperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia were reviewed, as identified from literature searches using Medline and EMBASE. Although not peer-reviewed, abstracts and posters on long-acting risperidone presented at key psychiatry and schizophrenia congresses during this period were also reviewed where available in the public domain.
Clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that long-acting risperidone, available in dosage strengths of 25, 37.5 or 50 mg, given once every 2 weeks, is both effective and well tolerated in patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, significant and sustained clinical improvement has been reported in patients switched to long-acting risperidone from other oral and long-acting antipsychotic agents. Several patients groups, including the young, the elderly and patients with schizoaffective disorder, have also been shown to derive significant benefit from long-acting risperidone.
A wide variety of patient groups may benefit from treatment with long-acting risperidone, including patients with suboptimal efficacy, particularly as a result of partial compliance, patients experiencing side-effects with another antipsychotic agent or those with a first episode of schizophrenia. Furthermore, long-acting risperidone, with its assured medication delivery, should improve patient compliance and assist patients in achieving remission, an important step towards functional recovery.
利培酮是首个有长效注射剂型的非典型抗精神病药物。
概述在临床试验及常规治疗中使用长效利培酮所获得的初步临床经验，包括具体病例研究，并就如何开始使用这种新药提供实用建议。
检索Medline和EMBASE数据库，回顾2002年1月至2005年6月间发表的评估长效利培酮治疗精神分裂症的药代动力学、疗效和安全性的研究。尽管未经同行评审，但在此期间关键精神病学和精神分裂症大会上发表的有关长效利培酮的摘要和海报（如可在公共领域获取）也进行了回顾。
临床研究一致表明，长效利培酮有25mg、37.5mg或50mg三种剂量规格，每2周注射一次，对精神分裂症患者有效且耐受性良好。此外，有报道称，从其他口服和长效抗精神病药物换用长效利培酮的患者有显著且持续的临床改善。包括年轻人、老年人和分裂情感性障碍患者在内的几个患者群体也已显示从长效利培酮治疗中显著获益。
多种患者群体可能从长效利培酮治疗中获益，包括疗效欠佳的患者，尤其是因部分依从性导致疗效欠佳者、正在经历另一种抗精神病药物副作用的患者或首次发作精神分裂症的患者。此外，长效利培酮给药可靠，应能提高患者依从性并帮助患者实现缓解，这是迈向功能恢复的重要一步。
