Judd Fiona, Cooper Anne-Marie, Fraser Caitlin, Davis Julian
Centre for Rural Mental Health, Monash University School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine and Bendigo Health Group, Victoria, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2006 Mar;40(3):208-16. doi: 10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01776.x.
To examine factors that may contribute to elevated rates of suicide among rural communities in Australia.
A wide-ranging literature search reviewed possible factors that may contribute to the geographical variation in suicide. Literature was organized to enable examination of compositional and contextual explanations, as well as collective social functioning and social practices.
A variety of factors may contribute to elevated rates of suicide in rural compared with urban areas. Collective and contextual (place) factors seem to be of particular importance as possible contributors to the elevated rate of suicide among rural males. These include rural socioeconomic decline; facilitators and barriers to service utilization such as service availability and accessibility, rural culture, community attitudes to mental illness and help seeking; and exposure to firearms.
Compositional, contextual and collective factors are hypothesized to influence the elevated rate of suicide in rural compared with urban areas. These factors need to be tested in empirical studies that consider both individual and community-based risk factors, and are designed to enable exploration of likely within-rural differences.
研究可能导致澳大利亚农村社区自杀率升高的因素。
广泛检索文献，回顾可能导致自杀存在地域差异的因素。对文献进行整理，以便考察构成性解释和情境性解释，以及集体社会功能和社会行为。
与城市地区相比，多种因素可能导致农村地区自杀率升高。集体和情境（地域）因素似乎是农村男性自杀率升高的特别重要的潜在因素。这些因素包括农村社会经济衰退；服务利用的促进因素和障碍，如服务的可获得性和可及性、农村文化、社区对精神疾病的态度及寻求帮助的情况；以及接触枪支。
假设构成性、情境性和集体性因素会影响农村地区相比城市地区升高的自杀率。这些因素需要在实证研究中进行检验，此类研究应兼顾个体和基于社区的风险因素，并旨在探究农村地区内部可能存在的差异。
