McMahon M Molly, Miles John M
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, Nutrition and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006 Mar;9(2):120-3. doi: 10.1097/01.mco.0000214570.90309.27.
Hospital clinicians frequently encounter hyperglycemia due to diabetes or the stress of critical illness in patients who are receiving nutrition support.
A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia in the hospital is associated with adverse outcomes (e.g. disability after acute cardiovascular events, infection and death) and that improvement in outcomes can be achieved with improved glycemic control or insulin. Therefore, familiarity with the implications of hyperglycemia and with its treatment are essential for clinicians practicing in hospital settings.
Questions persist regarding the optimal glucose goal range in differing patient groups. In addition, while the technology to deliver glycemic control in intensive care unit settings is widely available, data are limited about effective and safe insulin infusions. Research should focus on the risks and benefits of providing nutrition support in this group of patients, optimal glucose goal ranges, and on methods of achieving desired glucose goal ranges.
医院临床医生在为接受营养支持的患者治疗时，经常会遇到因糖尿病或危重病应激导致的高血糖情况。
越来越多的证据表明，医院内的高血糖与不良后果（如急性心血管事件后的残疾、感染和死亡）相关，并且通过改善血糖控制或使用胰岛素可改善预后。因此，对于在医院环境中执业的临床医生来说，熟悉高血糖的影响及其治疗方法至关重要。
不同患者群体的最佳血糖目标范围仍存在疑问。此外，虽然在重症监护病房环境中进行血糖控制的技术已广泛应用，但关于有效且安全的胰岛素输注的数据有限。研究应聚焦于为这类患者提供营养支持的风险和益处、最佳血糖目标范围，以及实现理想血糖目标范围的方法。
