无家可归和离家出走青少年中的粮食不安全问题。
Food insecurity among homeless and runaway adolescents.
作者信息
Whitbeck Les B, Chen Xiaojin, Johnson Kurt D
机构信息
University of Nebraska--Lincoln, Department of Sociology, 68588-0324, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2006 Feb;9(1):47-52. doi: 10.1079/phn2005764.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity and factors related to it among homeless and runaway adolescents.
DESIGN
Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted with homeless and runaway adolescents directly on the streets and in shelters.
SETTING
Interviews were conducted in eight Midwest cities: Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Iowa City, Kansas City, Lincoln, Omaha, St. Louis and Wichita.
SUBJECTS
The subjects were 428 (187 males; 241 females) homeless and runaway adolescents aged 16-19 years. Average age of the adolescents was 17.4 (standard deviation 1.05) years.
RESULTS
About one-third of the adolescents had experienced food insecurity in the past 30 days. Factors associated with food insecurity were age of adolescent, a history of caretaker neglect and abuse, having ever spent time directly on the street, a small post-runaway social network, and engaging in deviant and non-deviant street food-acquisition strategies.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on these findings, our conservative estimate is that nationally more than 165,000 homeless and runaway adolescents experienced food insecurity in the past 30 days. These adolescents are largely hidden from public notice and they are usually missed in studies that address national hunger.
目的
本研究旨在调查无家可归及离家出走青少年中粮食不安全状况及其相关因素。
设计
对无家可归及离家出走青少年直接在街头和收容所进行计算机辅助个人访谈。
地点
在中西部八个城市进行访谈：得梅因、锡达拉皮兹、艾奥瓦城、堪萨斯城、林肯、奥马哈、圣路易斯和威奇托。
研究对象
研究对象为428名年龄在16 - 19岁的无家可归及离家出走青少年（187名男性；241名女性）。青少年的平均年龄为17.4岁（标准差1.05）。
结果
约三分之一的青少年在过去30天内经历过粮食不安全状况。与粮食不安全相关的因素包括青少年的年龄、照料者曾有过忽视和虐待的历史、曾直接露宿街头、离家出走后社交网络较小，以及采用越轨和非越轨的街头获取食物策略。
结论
基于这些发现，我们保守估计，在全国范围内，超过16.5万名无家可归及离家出走青少年在过去30天内经历过粮食不安全状况。这些青少年很大程度上不为人所知，在有关全国饥饿问题的研究中通常被忽视。
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