Woldeamanuel Y, Leekassa R, Chryssanthou E, Mengistu Y, Petrini B
Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Mycopathologia. 2006 Mar;161(3):167-72. doi: 10.1007/s11046-004-3141-5.
To assess the clinical and fungal species spectrum of dermatophyte infection in a reference centre in Addis Ababa, 539 dermatological patients with signs of dermatophytosis were investigated. Seventy-one percent were female and 29% male, aged 2-66 years (median 9). Four hundred-fifteen (77%) had at least one skin lesion. Tinea capitis was diagnosed in 138/155 males (89%) as compared to 214/384 females (40%) (p < 0.05). T. capitis was diagnosed in 69% of the 374 children. Fingernails were affected in 132/145 (91%) of onychomycosis, 118 (90%) of these patients were females and 14 males (p < 0.05). Tinea corporis was observed in 45, and other types of tinea in 12 patients. Thirty-six percent of all patients had also other skin lesions, mostly impetigo. Of 490 cultured samples 364 (74%) grew dermatophytes: Trichophyton violaceum in 84%, Trichophyton verrucosum in 9.6%, Trichophyton tonsurans in 1.4% and T. rubrum in 0.5%. Additionally, 15 isolates were identified as white variants of T. violaceum, in 3 cases confirmed by sequencing of the rDNA ITS 2 region. T. capitis in young males and T. unguium of fingernails in females were the most common manifestations of dermatophytosis in Addis Ababa, usually caused by T.violaceum.
为评估亚的斯亚贝巴一家参考中心皮肤癣菌感染的临床和真菌种类谱，对539例有皮肤癣菌病体征的皮肤科患者进行了调查。患者中71%为女性，29%为男性，年龄在2至66岁之间（中位数为9岁）。415例（77%）患者至少有一处皮肤损害。头癣在138/155例男性患者中诊断出（89%），而在214/384例女性患者中诊断出（40%）（p<0.05）。374例儿童中有69%诊断出头癣。145例甲癣患者中有132例（91%）指甲受累，其中118例（90%）为女性，14例为男性（p<0.05）。观察到45例体癣患者，12例为其他类型的癣。所有患者中有36%还患有其他皮肤损害，主要是脓疱病。在490份培养样本中，364份（74%）培养出皮肤癣菌：紫色毛癣菌占84%，疣状毛癣菌占9.6%，断发毛癣菌占1.4%，红色毛癣菌占0.5%。此外，15株分离株被鉴定为紫色毛癣菌的白色变种，3例通过rDNA ITS 2区域测序得到确认。年轻男性的头癣和女性指甲的甲癣是亚的斯亚贝巴皮肤癣菌病最常见的表现形式，通常由紫色毛癣菌引起。
