Travieso L, Benítez F, Sánchez E, Borja R, Colmenarejo M F
Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2006;41(3):415-29. doi: 10.1080/10934520500428302.
This paper presents the use of a mixture of settled swine and sewage as substrate for biomass production, mainly constituted by microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and aerobic bacteria, growing outdoor at different dilution rates in a continuous mode. The experiments were carried out in 16-litre volume laboratory ponds operating at hydraulic retention times (HRT) in a range of 4-14 days equivalent to dilution rates (D) in a range of 0.250-0.071 d(-1). Total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), total biochemical oxygen demand (TBOD(5)), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), total Chlorophyll (S C), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorous, orthophosphate and pH were monitored. An empirical relationship between the dilution rate (D) and the removal efficiencies of TCOD, SCOD, TBOD(5), TKN and total phosphorous was found. The occurrence of an inhibition process for TCOD, TBOD(5), TKN and total phosphorous removals was observed. The Andrews kinetic model was successfully applied to these experimental data, while the Monod model was more suitable for studying the variation of the SCOD removal rate with the effluent SCOD concentration. The maximum microalgal biomass productivity was found to be in the range of 93-98 mg VSS(A)/L d (37.2-39.2 g/m(2)d) at dilution rates in the range of 0.167-0.250 d(-1), where VSS(A) is the concentration of microalgae expressed in VSS. In the case of the bacteria, the productivity increased linearly with the dilution rate being maximum at a D value of 0.25 d(-1). It was concluded that the mixture of pre-treated swine and sewage used as substrate, contributed to the obtention of a high biomass (microalgae-bacteria) production, providing a simple technology feasible to be applied in developing countries.
本文介绍了使用沉淀后的猪粪和污水混合物作为生物质生产的底物，该生物质主要由普通小球藻和需氧细菌组成，以连续模式在室外不同稀释率下生长。实验在16升容积的实验室池塘中进行，水力停留时间（HRT）范围为4至14天，相当于稀释率（D）范围为0.250至0.071 d⁻¹。监测了总化学需氧量（TCOD）、可溶性化学需氧量（SCOD）、总生化需氧量（TBOD₅）、总悬浮固体（TSS）、挥发性悬浮固体（VSS）、总叶绿素（SC）、总凯氏氮（TKN）、氨氮、总磷、正磷酸盐和pH值。发现了稀释率（D）与TCOD、SCOD、TBOD₅、TKN和总磷去除效率之间的经验关系。观察到TCOD、TBOD₅、TKN和总磷去除存在抑制过程。安德鲁斯动力学模型成功应用于这些实验数据，而莫诺德模型更适合研究SCOD去除率随出水SCOD浓度的变化。在稀释率为0.167至0.250 d⁻¹范围内，发现最大微藻生物质生产率在93至98 mg VSS(A)/L d（37.2至39.2 g/m²d）之间，其中VSS(A)是以VSS表示的微藻浓度。对于细菌，生产率随稀释率线性增加，在D值为0.25 d⁻¹时达到最大值。得出的结论是，使用预处理的猪粪和污水混合物作为底物，有助于获得高生物质（微藻 - 细菌）产量，提供了一种适用于发展中国家的简单可行技术。
