Hammerman-Rozenberg Robert, Maaravi Yoram, Cohen Aaron, Stessman Jochanan
Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatric Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mt. Scopus Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2005 Dec;17(6):508-13. doi: 10.1007/BF03327419.
Although many older persons choose to postpone retirement, the health consequences of this decision are still debated. This study aimed at determining the impact of continued employment on life-style, well-being, health and survival in a cohort of community-dwelling 70-year-olds.
A longitudinal study of a homogeneously aged cohort was conducted in two stages. Data from extensive interviews, physical examinations and clinical laboratory information were obtained from west Jerusalem residents born in 1920-1 through home-based examinations. In 1990-1, 162 women and 218 men were examined, at age 70, and in 1997-8, 390 women and 398 men at age 77. Two hundred and thirty one subjects participated in both study stages and were available for longitudinal analysis. For each subject at each study stage, a comprehensive profile detailed social characteristics, including life-style and personal functions, and medical status including illnesses and use of medical services. At each stage, employed subjects were compared with those who neither worked for compensation nor as volunteers. Logistic regression compared health outcomes at age 77 for subjects who worked at age 70 with those of subjects who had not.
At age 70, 37 women and 98 men were gainfully employed, whereas 125 women and 120 men did not work. At age 77, wage-earners numbered 26 women and 95 men, and non-workers 364 women and 303 men. In the cross-sectional analyses at ages 70 and 77, work correlated with better perceived health and greater independence for both women and men. Independent of pre-existing economic difficulties, education, illnesses, functional dependence and self-assessed health, workers at age 70 after seven years were in better health (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.04, 4.30), had more ADL independence, (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.08, 6.29) and increased survival rates (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.06, 4.28).
Independent of baseline status, working at age 70 correlates with health, self-sufficiency and longevity.
尽管许多老年人选择推迟退休，但这一决定对健康的影响仍存在争议。本研究旨在确定继续工作对一组70岁社区居民的生活方式、幸福感、健康状况和生存情况的影响。
对一个年龄相近的队列进行了两阶段的纵向研究。通过上门检查，从1920年至1921年出生的耶路撒冷西部居民那里获取了广泛访谈、体格检查和临床实验室信息的数据。1990年至1991年，对162名女性和218名男性进行了70岁时的检查，1997年至1998年，对390名女性和398名男性进行了77岁时的检查。231名受试者参与了两个研究阶段，可用于纵向分析。对于每个研究阶段的每个受试者，都有一份详细的综合资料，包括社会特征，如生活方式和个人功能，以及医疗状况，如疾病和医疗服务的使用情况。在每个阶段，将就业受试者与既没有从事有偿工作也没有做志愿者工作的受试者进行比较。逻辑回归比较了70岁时工作的受试者与未工作的受试者在77岁时的健康结果。
70岁时，37名女性和98名男性有收益性工作，而125名女性和120名男性没有工作。77岁时，有工资收入的女性为26名，男性为95名，无工作的女性为364名，男性为303名。在70岁和77岁时的横断面分析中，工作与女性和男性更好的自我感知健康和更大的独立性相关。不考虑先前存在的经济困难、教育程度、疾病、功能依赖和自我评估的健康状况，70岁时工作的受试者在7年后健康状况更好（比值比2.12，95%置信区间1.04，4.30），日常生活活动能力更强（比值比2.60，95%置信区间1.08，6.29），生存率更高（比值比2.13，95%置信区间1.06，4.28）。
不考虑基线状态，70岁时工作与健康、自给自足和长寿相关。
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