Pitsavos Christos, Panagiotakos Demosthenes, Trichopoulou Antonia, Chrysohoou Christina, Dedoussis George, Chloptsios Yannis, Choumerianou Despoina, Stefanadis Christodoulos
First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006 Mar;16(2):91-9. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2005.04.004. Epub 2005 Oct 20.
The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been suggested to be a key element in atherogenesis, while methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutation has been associated with the development of coronary heart disease. We evaluated whether adoption of a Mediterranean type of diet is associated with oxidized LDL levels, as well as the role of MTHFR C677T mutation in this relationship.
We studied demographics, lifestyle, clinical, biochemical and genetic data from 322 men (46+/-13 years) and 252 women (45+/-14 years), without any clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease, from the Attica region, Greece (i.e. the ATTICA study). Among the other parameters we also measured oxidized (ox)-LDL levels, and the distribution of MTHFR. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated by a special diet score.
The distribution of MTHFR genotypes was: 41% for homozygous normal (CC) genotype, 48% for heterozygous (CT) and 11% for homozygous mutant (TT) genotype. Ox-LDL levels were higher in TT as compared to CC and CT (70.8+/-26 vs. 51.0+/-26 vs. 63.7+/-24 mg/dl, p<0.001). Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with ox-LDL levels (standardized beta=-0.34, p<0.001), after controlling for several confounding variables; however, stratified analysis revealed that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower ox-LDL levels in TT and CT individuals (standardized beta=-0.67, p=0.001 and standardized beta=-0.66, p=0.025, respectively), but not in CC (standardized beta=-0.18, p=0.10), after controlling for several potential confounders.
The observed gene-to-diet interaction on ox-LDL concentrations may provide a pathophysiological explanation by which a Mediterranean type of diet could influence coronary risk in people with increased oxidative stress.
低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的氧化修饰被认为是动脉粥样硬化发生的关键因素，而亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）C677T突变与冠心病的发生有关。我们评估了采用地中海式饮食是否与氧化型LDL水平相关，以及MTHFR C677T突变在这种关系中的作用。
我们研究了来自希腊阿提卡地区（即阿提卡研究）的322名男性（46±13岁）和252名女性（45±14岁）的人口统计学、生活方式、临床、生化和遗传数据，这些人没有任何心血管疾病的临床证据。在其他参数中，我们还测量了氧化（ox）-LDL水平以及MTHFR的分布。通过特殊的饮食评分评估对地中海饮食的依从性。
MTHFR基因型的分布为：纯合正常（CC）基因型占41%，杂合（CT）基因型占48%，纯合突变（TT）基因型占11%。与CC和CT相比，TT中的氧化型LDL水平更高（70.8±26 vs. 51.0±26 vs. 63.7±24 mg/dl，p<0.001）。在控制了几个混杂变量后，对地中海饮食的更高依从性与氧化型LDL水平呈负相关（标准化β=-0.34，p<0.001）；然而，分层分析显示，在控制了几个潜在混杂因素后，对地中海饮食的依从性与TT和CT个体中较低的氧化型LDL水平相关（标准化β=-0.67，p=0.001和标准化β=-0.66，p=0.025），但与CC个体无关（标准化β=-0.18，p=0.10）。
观察到的基因与饮食对氧化型LDL浓度的相互作用可能提供一种病理生理学解释，即地中海式饮食可能影响氧化应激增加人群的冠心病风险。
