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两名右脑损伤患者的分类图像:洞察空间忽视的注意力机制的窗口。

Classification images of two right hemisphere patients: a window into the attentional mechanisms of spatial neglect.

作者信息

Shimozaki Steven, Kingstone Alan, Olk Bettina, Stowe Robert, Eckstein Miguel

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

出版信息

Brain Res. 2006 Mar 29;1080(1):26-52. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.033. Epub 2006 Feb 21.

Abstract

While spatial neglect most commonly occurs after right hemisphere lesions, damage to diverse areas within the right hemisphere may lead to neglect, possibly through different mechanisms. To identify potentially different causes of neglect, the visual information used (the 'perceptual template') in a cueing task was estimated with a novel technique known as 'classification images' for five normal observers and two male patients with right-hemisphere lesions and previous histories of spatial neglect (CM, age 85; HL, age 69). Observers made a yes/no decision on the presence of a 'White X' checkerboard signal (1.5 degrees ) at one of two locations, with trial-to-trial stimulus noise added to the 9 checkerboard squares. Prior to the stimulus, a peripheral precue (140 ms) indicated the signal location with 80% validity. The cueing effects and estimated perceptual templates for the normal observers showed no visual field differences. Consistent with previous studies of spatial neglect, both patients had difficulty with left (contralesional) signals when preceded by a right (ipsilesional) cue. Despite similar behavioral results, the patients' estimated perceptual templates in the left field suggested two different types of attentional deficits. For CM, the left template matched the signal with left-sided cues but was opposite in sign to the signal with right-sided cues, suggesting a severely disrupted selective attentional strategy. For HL, the left templates indicated a general uncertainty in localizing the signal regardless of the cue's field. In conclusion, the classification images suggested different underlying mechanisms of neglect for these two patients with similar behavioral results and hold promise in further elucidating the underlying attentional mechanisms of spatial neglect.

摘要

虽然空间忽视最常发生在右半球损伤后,但右半球内不同区域的损伤可能通过不同机制导致忽视。为了确定忽视的潜在不同原因,使用一种称为“分类图像”的新技术,对5名正常观察者以及两名有右半球损伤和既往空间忽视病史的男性患者(CM,85岁;HL,69岁)在提示任务中使用的视觉信息(“感知模板”)进行了估计。观察者对两个位置之一是否存在“白色X”棋盘信号(1.5度)做出是/否的判断,每次试验时在9个棋盘方格上添加刺激噪声。在刺激之前,一个外周预提示(140毫秒)以80%的有效性指示信号位置。正常观察者的提示效应和估计的感知模板没有显示出视野差异。与先前关于空间忽视的研究一致,两名患者在右侧(同侧)提示后对左侧(对侧)信号都有困难。尽管行为结果相似,但患者在左侧视野估计的感知模板表明存在两种不同类型的注意力缺陷。对于CM,左侧模板与左侧提示的信号匹配,但与右侧提示的信号符号相反,这表明选择性注意力策略严重受损。对于HL,左侧模板表明无论提示的视野如何,在定位信号时普遍存在不确定性。总之,分类图像表明这两名行为结果相似的患者存在不同的忽视潜在机制,并有望进一步阐明空间忽视的潜在注意力机制。

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