Olson Ingrid R, Berryhill Marian
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2009 Feb;91(2):155-65. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2008.09.006. Epub 2008 Oct 31.
The posterior parietal lobe is known to play some role in a far-flung list of mental processes: linking vision to action (saccadic eye movements, reaching, grasping), attending to visual space, numerical calculation, and mental rotation. Here, we review findings from humans and monkeys that illuminate an untraditional function of this region: memory. Our review draws on neuroimaging findings that have repeatedly identified parietal lobe activations associated with short-term or working memory and episodic memory. We also discuss recent neuropsychological findings showing that individuals with parietal lobe damage exhibit both working memory and long-term memory deficits. These deficits are not ubiquitous; they are only evident under certain retrieval demands. Our review elaborates on these findings and evaluates various theories about the mechanistic role of the posterior parietal lobe in memory. The available data point towards the conclusion that the posterior parietal lobe plays an important role in memory retrieval irrespective of elapsed time. However, the available data do not support simple dichotomies such as recall versus recognition, working versus long-term memory. We conclude by formalizing several open questions that are intended to encourage future research in this rapidly developing area of memory research.
将视觉与行动联系起来（眼球跳动、伸手、抓握）、关注视觉空间、数字计算以及心理旋转。在此，我们回顾来自人类和猴子的研究结果，这些结果揭示了该区域一个非传统的功能：记忆。我们的综述借鉴了神经影像学研究结果，这些研究反复发现顶叶激活与短期或工作记忆以及情景记忆有关。我们还讨论了最近的神经心理学研究结果，这些结果表明顶叶受损的个体同时存在工作记忆和长期记忆缺陷。这些缺陷并非普遍存在；它们仅在特定的检索需求下才明显。我们的综述详细阐述了这些发现，并评估了关于顶叶后叶在记忆中机制作用的各种理论。现有数据指向这样一个结论，即无论时间过去多久，顶叶后叶在记忆检索中都起着重要作用。然而，现有数据并不支持诸如回忆与识别、工作记忆与长期记忆等简单的二分法。我们通过梳理几个开放性问题来结束本文，旨在鼓励在这个迅速发展的记忆研究领域开展未来研究。
