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棕榈油行业废灰在混凝土中的应用。

Use of waste ash from palm oil industry in concrete.

作者信息

Tangchirapat Weerachart, Saeting Tirasit, Jaturapitakkul Chai, Kiattikomol Kraiwood, Siripanichgorn Anek

机构信息

Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.

出版信息

Waste Manag. 2007;27(1):81-8. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2005.12.014. Epub 2006 Feb 23.

Abstract

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), a by-product from the palm oil industry, is disposed of as waste in landfills. In this study, POFA was utilized as a pozzolan in concrete. The original size POFA (termed OP) was ground until the median particle sizes were 15.9 microm (termed MP) and 7.4 microm (termed SP). Portland cement Type I was replaced by OP, MP, and SP of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight of binder. The properties of concrete, such as setting time, compressive strength, and expansion due to magnesium sulfate attack were investigated. The results revealed that the use of POFA in concretes caused delay in both initial and final setting times, depending on the fineness and degree of replacement of POFA. The compressive strength of concrete containing OP was much lower than that of Portland cement Type I concrete. Thus, OP is not suitable to be used as a pozzolanic material in concrete. However, the replacement of Portland cement Type I by 10% of MP and 20% of SP gave the compressive strengths of concrete at 90 days higher than that of concrete made from Portland cement Type I. After being immersed in 5% of magnesium sulfate solution for 364 days, the concrete bar mixed with 30% of SP had the same expansion level as that of the concrete bar made from Portland cement Type V. The above results suggest that ground POFA is an excellent pozzolanic material and can be used as a cement replacement in concrete. It is recommended that the optimum replacement levels of Portland cement Type I by MP and SP are 20% and 30%, respectively.

摘要

棕榈油燃料灰(POFA)是棕榈油行业的副产品,通常作为垃圾填埋处理。在本研究中,POFA被用作混凝土中的火山灰质材料。将原始粒度的POFA(称为OP)进行研磨,直至中位粒径分别为15.9微米(称为MP)和7.4微米(称为SP)。用OP、MP和SP分别按胶凝材料重量的10%、20%、30%和40%替代I型波特兰水泥。研究了混凝土的性能,如凝结时间、抗压强度以及硫酸镁侵蚀引起的膨胀。结果表明,在混凝土中使用POFA会导致初凝和终凝时间延迟,这取决于POFA的细度和替代程度。含OP的混凝土抗压强度远低于I型波特兰水泥混凝土。因此,OP不适宜用作混凝土中的火山灰质材料。然而,用10%的MP和20%的SP替代I型波特兰水泥,90天时混凝土的抗压强度高于由I型波特兰水泥制成的混凝土。在5%硫酸镁溶液中浸泡364天后,掺30%SP的混凝土棒膨胀程度与V型波特兰水泥制成的混凝土棒相同。上述结果表明,磨细的POFA是一种优良的火山灰质材料,可作为混凝土中的水泥替代品。建议MP和SP替代I型波特兰水泥的最佳替代水平分别为20%和30%。

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