Castanon Holguin Aaron M, Congdon Nathan, Patel Nita, Ratcliffe Amy, Esteso Paul, Toledo Flores Silvia, Gilbert Donna, Pereyra Rito Marco A, Munoz Beatriz
Helen Keller International Mexico, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Mar;47(3):925-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.05-0895.
To study the prevalence and determinants of compliance with spectacle wear among school-age children in Oaxaca, Mexico, who were provided spectacles free of charge.
A cohort of 493 children aged 5 to 18 years chosen by random cluster sampling from primary and secondary schools in Oaxaca, Mexico, all of whom had received free spectacles through a local program, underwent unannounced, direct examination to determine compliance with spectacle wear within 18 months after initial provision of spectacles. Potential determinants of spectacle wear including age, gender, urban versus rural residence, presenting visual acuity, refractive error, and time since dispensing of the spectacles were examined in univariate and multivariate regression models. Children not currently wearing their spectacles were asked to select the reason from a list of possibilities, and reasons for noncompliance were analyzed within different demographic groups.
Among this sample of children with a mean age of 10.4 +/- 2.6 years, the majority (74.5%) of whom were myopic (spherical equivalent [SE] < or = -0.50 D), 13.4% (66/493) were wearing their spectacles at the time of examination. An additional 34% (169/493) had the spectacles with them but were not wearing them. In regression models, the odds of spectacle wear were significantly higher among younger (OR = 1.19 per year of age; 95% CI, 1.05-1.33) rural (OR = 10.6; 95% CI, 5.3-21.0) children and those with myopia < or = -1.25 D (OR = 3.97; 95% CI, 1.98-7.94). The oldest children and children in urban-suburban areas were significantly more likely to list concerns about the appearance of the glasses or about being teased than were younger, rurally resident children.
Compliance with spectacle wear may be very low, even when spectacles are provided free of charge, particularly among older, urban children, who have been shown in many populations to have the highest prevalence of myopia. As screening programs for refractive error become increasingly common throughout the world, new strategies are needed to improve compliance if program resources are to be maximized.
研究在墨西哥瓦哈卡州免费获得眼镜的学龄儿童中眼镜佩戴依从性的患病率及其决定因素。
通过随机整群抽样从墨西哥瓦哈卡州的中小学选取493名5至18岁的儿童，他们均通过当地项目免费获得了眼镜，在首次配镜后18个月内接受了不事先通知的直接检查，以确定眼镜佩戴依从性。在单变量和多变量回归模型中检查了眼镜佩戴的潜在决定因素，包括年龄、性别、城乡居住情况、初始视力、屈光不正以及配镜后的时间。要求目前未佩戴眼镜的儿童从一系列可能原因中选择原因，并在不同人口统计学组中分析不依从的原因。
在这个平均年龄为10.4±2.6岁的儿童样本中，大多数（74.5%）为近视（等效球镜度[SE]≤-0.50D），13.4%（66/493）在检查时佩戴眼镜。另外34%（169/493）携带了眼镜但未佩戴。在回归模型中，年龄较小（每年OR = 1.19；95%CI，1.05 - 1.33）、农村（OR = 10.6；95%CI，5.3 - 21.0）的儿童以及等效球镜度≤-1.25D的近视儿童（OR = 3.97；95%CI，1.98 - 7.94）佩戴眼镜的几率显著更高。与年龄较小、居住在农村的儿童相比，年龄最大的儿童以及城市郊区的儿童更有可能列出对眼镜外观或被取笑的担忧。
即使免费提供眼镜，眼镜佩戴依从性可能也非常低，特别是在许多人群中近视患病率最高的年龄较大的城市儿童中。随着屈光不正筛查项目在全球越来越普遍，如果要最大限度地利用项目资源，就需要新的策略来提高依从性。
Zotero 插件