Rosanowski Frank, Eysholdt Ulrich, Hoppe Ulrich
Department of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 Oct;80(1):25-31. doi: 10.1007/s00420-006-0090-y. Epub 2006 Feb 28.
Noise exceeding a certain level can damage outer hair cells and thus cause hearing loss. In the past, noise-induced hearing loss was mainly caused by occupational noise. Leisure-time noise may be a promoting factor, particularly in young adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) can be used to evaluate outer hair cell damage in young adults with no history of hearing complaints. The data obtained from the measurement of TEOAE were correlated with the participants' listening habits and exposure to leisure-time noise.
Eighty-eight young adults (47 women, 41 men; age 22.9+/-2.9 years) were examined. TEOAE were measured using standard ILO 88 equipment. All participants had normal hearing (hearing thresholds better than 20 dB HL; frequency range 0.125-10 kHz). None of the participants suffered from permanent tinnitus. All participants answered a questionnaire concerning their listening habits.
On average, the participants frequented a discotheque 1.4 times a month; 25% had never visited a discotheque, 35% visited once a month and 32% twice or three times a month. Sixteen per cent reported transient tinnitus after every visit to a discotheque and 58% after nearly every visit. Eight per cent suffered from transient hearing loss after every visit to a disco and 37% after nearly every visit. Three per cent (4%) reported tinnitus (nearly) every morning after visiting a discotheque. The TEOAE level was above 6 dB in all participants [9.2+/-3.6 dB (mean +/- SD)] and reproducibility was above 60% (90+/-9%). All values matched pass criteria for normal TEOAE under clinical conditions. However, TEOAE levels and reproducibility decreased significantly with an increased number of visits to discotheques.
Outer hair cell damage could be measured using TEOAE in individuals exposed to leisure-time noise, although these individuals exhibited no measurable puretone hearing loss.
超过一定水平的噪声会损害外毛细胞，进而导致听力损失。过去，噪声性听力损失主要由职业噪声引起。休闲噪声可能是一个促进因素，尤其是在年轻人中。本研究的目的是调查瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）是否可用于评估无听力投诉史的年轻人的外毛细胞损伤。从TEOAE测量中获得的数据与参与者的听力习惯和休闲噪声暴露情况相关。
对88名年轻人（47名女性，41名男性；年龄22.9±2.9岁）进行了检查。使用标准的ILO 88设备测量TEOAE。所有参与者听力正常（听力阈值优于20 dB HL；频率范围0.125 - 10 kHz）。所有参与者均无永久性耳鸣。所有参与者回答了一份关于他们听力习惯的问卷。
参与者平均每月去迪斯科舞厅1.4次；25%的人从未去过迪斯科舞厅，35%的人每月去一次，32%的人每月去两次或三次。16%的人表示每次去迪斯科舞厅后都会出现短暂耳鸣，58%的人几乎每次去后都会出现。8%的人每次去迪斯科舞厅后会出现短暂听力损失，37%的人几乎每次去后都会出现。3%（4%）的人表示去迪斯科舞厅后（几乎）每天早上都会耳鸣。所有参与者的TEOAE水平均高于6 dB [9.2±3.6 dB（平均值±标准差）]，重复性高于60%（90±9%）。所有值均符合临床条件下正常TEOAE的通过标准。然而，随着去迪斯科舞厅次数的增加，TEOAE水平和重复性显著下降。
对于暴露于休闲噪声的个体，尽管这些个体没有可测量的纯音听力损失，但仍可使用TEOAE测量外毛细胞损伤。
