Kamin W, Staubach P, Klär-Hlawatsch B, Erdnüss F, Knuf M
Kinderklinik der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Klin Padiatr. 2006 Mar-Apr;218(2):92-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-836609.
Most allergic reactions after vaccination occur in patients sensitive to egg protein. Therefore this subject is well investigated, and the majority of common vaccines today contain only traces of egg protein. In contrast, there is little knowledge of hypersensitivities to other substances frequently contained in vaccines, e. g. antibiotics, phenol, gelatin and different preservatives. Here we report the case of a boy who had an anaphylactic reaction after being vaccinated against measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and tick-born encephalitis (TBE) simultaneously. Different tests finally revealed a hypersensitivity to gelatin. This should be kept in mind especially during emergency care, since gelatin containing products like Haemaccel, Gelifundol or Gelofusin are widely used as colloid for resuscitation. If type 1 reactions after vaccination occur, gelatin should be taken into account as the causative agent. A medical alert card is recommended for such patients.
大多数疫苗接种后的过敏反应发生在对鸡蛋蛋白敏感的患者身上。因此,这个问题已经得到了充分的研究,如今大多数常见疫苗仅含有微量的鸡蛋蛋白。相比之下,对于疫苗中经常含有的其他物质,如抗生素、苯酚、明胶和不同的防腐剂,人们对其过敏反应了解甚少。在此,我们报告一例男孩在同时接种麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹(MMR)疫苗和蜱传脑炎(TBE)疫苗后发生过敏反应的病例。不同的检测最终显示其对明胶过敏。在急救过程中尤其应牢记这一点,因为像海脉素、佳乐施或聚明胶肽等含明胶的产品被广泛用作复苏胶体溶液。如果接种疫苗后发生1型反应,应考虑明胶为致病因素。建议为这类患者制作医疗警示卡。