Barnes Thomas R E, Mutsatsa Stanley H, Hutton Sam B, Watt Hilary C, Joyce Eileen M
Department of Psychological Medicine, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Charing Cross Campus, St Dunstan's Road, London W6 8RP, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 2006 Mar;188:237-42. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.104.007237.
Substance use may be a risk factor for the onset of schizophrenia.
To examine the association between substance use and age at onset in substance use and age at onset in a UK, inner-city sample of people with recent-onset schizophrenia.
The study sample consisted of 152 people recruited to the West London First-Episode Schizophrenia Study. Self-reported data on drug and alcohol use, as well as information on age at onset of psychosis, were collected. Mental state, cognition (IQ, memory and executive function) and social function were also assessed.
In total, 60% of the participants were smokers, 27% reported a history of problems with alcohol use, 35% reported current substance use (not including alcohol), and 68% reported lifetime substance use (cannabis and psychostimulants were most commonly used). Cannabis use and gender had independent effects on age at onset of psychosis, after adjusting for alcohol misuse and use of other drugs.
The strong association between self-reported cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis provides further evidence that schizophrenia may be precipitated by cannabis use and/or that the early onset of symptoms is a risk factor for cannabis use.
物质使用可能是精神分裂症发病的一个风险因素。
在英国一个市中心近期发病的精神分裂症患者样本中，研究物质使用与发病年龄之间的关联。
研究样本包括152名招募至西伦敦首发精神分裂症研究的患者。收集了关于药物和酒精使用的自我报告数据，以及精神病发病年龄的信息。还评估了精神状态、认知（智商、记忆和执行功能）和社会功能。
总体而言，60%的参与者吸烟，27%报告有酒精使用问题史，35%报告目前使用物质（不包括酒精），68%报告终生使用物质（最常用的是大麻和精神兴奋剂）。在调整了酒精滥用和其他药物使用后，大麻使用和性别对精神病发病年龄有独立影响。
自我报告的大麻使用与较早的精神病发病之间的强烈关联提供了进一步的证据，表明精神分裂症可能由大麻使用引发和/或症状的早期出现是大麻使用的一个风险因素。
