Opstelten Wim, Van Essen Gerrit A, Schellevis François, Verheij Theo J M, Moons Karel G M
University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Ann Epidemiol. 2006 Sep;16(9):692-5. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.12.002. Epub 2006 Mar 3.
Several studies reported a difference in herpes zoster (HZ) incidence between males and females, but limitations in design and analysis impeded the assessment of gender as an independent risk factor for HZ. This study examines the independent etiologic association between gender and HZ.
A total of 335,714 persons were observed prospectively during 2001. We registered gender and HZ occurrence, as well as other risk factors for HZ. We calculated overall crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and stratified to age.
The HZ incidence in females was 3.9/1000 patients/year (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6-4.2), and in males, 2.5/1000 patients/year (95% CI, 2.3-2.8), with a crude OR of 1.53 (95% CI, 1.36-1.74). After adjustment for potential confounders, the adjusted OR was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.22-1.56). The incidence was greater in females in the middle-aged (age, 25 to 64 years; OR range, 1.36 to 1.83) and youngest group (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.90-1.89). Gender effect was inverse in young adults (age, 15 to 24 years; OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41-1.03).
Female gender is an independent risk factor for HZ in the 25- to 64-year-old age groups.
多项研究报告了男性和女性带状疱疹（HZ）发病率的差异，但设计和分析方面的局限性阻碍了将性别作为HZ独立危险因素的评估。本研究探讨性别与HZ之间的独立病因关联。
2001年对总共335,714人进行了前瞻性观察。我们记录了性别、HZ发病情况以及其他HZ危险因素。我们计算了总体粗比值比和调整后的比值比，并按年龄分层。
女性HZ发病率为3.9/1000患者/年（95%置信区间[CI]，3.6 - 4.2），男性为2.5/1000患者/年（95%CI，2.3 - 2.8），粗比值比为1.53（95%CI，1.36 - 1.74）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，调整后的比值比为1.38（95%CI，1.22 - 1.56）。中年女性（年龄25至64岁；比值比范围1.36至1.83）和最年轻组（比值比1.31；95%CI，0.90 - 1.89）的发病率更高。在年轻人（年龄15至24岁；比值比0.64；95%CI，0.41 - 1.03）中性别效应相反。
在25至64岁年龄组中，女性性别是HZ的独立危险因素。
