Kudryavtseva Natalia, Gerrits Mirjam A F M, Avgustinovich Damira F, Tenditnik Michael V, Van Ree Jan M
Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russia, Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;16(7):504-11. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2006.01.002. Epub 2006 Mar 9.
Alcohol consumption and addiction have been related to anxiety and the anxiolytic effect of ethanol. It has been shown in mice that losers with repeated experience of social defeats are more anxious than winners with repeated experience of victories. Mice with a different social status were tested for their oral ethanol consumption using a free two bottle choice paradigm and for their social approach behaviour after ethanol consumption using the partition test, in which anxiety is an important component. In addition, the sensitivity of the animals for the kappa-opioid receptor agonist U-50,488H (2.5 mg/kg, s.c.) was assessed using the partition test, in which this drug has been shown to induce anxiolytic-like effects. Further, the effect of daily treatment with U-50,488H for 8 days on ethanol consumption was tested in animals that had consumed ethanol and were subjected during these 8 days to a period of 5 days of interruption of ethanol supply and subsequently to a period of 3 days of renewed access to ethanol. Losers consumed more ethanol than winners. Consumption of ethanol was accompanied by a decrease of anxiety level, as evidenced by an increased approach behaviour in the partition test. U-50,488H stimulated ethanol consumption after a period of 5 days of interruption of ethanol supply and drug treatment in the losers, but not in the winners. U-50,488H increased approach behaviour in the losers not consuming ethanol and decreased this behaviour in the winners, especially in those that had consumed ethanol. It is postulated that U-50,488H acts as a partial agonist in this respect. The increased anxiety may be related to the enhanced ethanol consumption in the losers, which may be of relevance for the etiology of alcohol addiction.
饮酒及成瘾与焦虑和乙醇的抗焦虑作用有关。在小鼠实验中发现，多次经历社交挫败的“失败者”比多次经历胜利的“胜利者”更焦虑。采用自由双瓶选择范式对具有不同社会地位的小鼠进行口服乙醇消耗量测试，并在乙醇摄入后使用分区测试评估其社交接近行为，其中焦虑是一个重要因素。此外，使用分区测试评估动物对κ-阿片受体激动剂U-50,488H（2.5mg/kg，皮下注射）的敏感性，该药物已被证明可诱导类似抗焦虑的作用。此外，在已摄入乙醇且在这8天中经历5天乙醇供应中断并随后3天重新获得乙醇的动物中，测试了每天用U-50,488H治疗8天对乙醇消耗的影响。“失败者”比“胜利者”消耗更多的乙醇。乙醇消耗伴随着焦虑水平的降低，分区测试中接近行为的增加证明了这一点。在“失败者”中，乙醇供应中断和药物治疗5天后，U-50,488H刺激了乙醇消耗，但在“胜利者”中没有。U-50,488H增加了不消耗乙醇的“失败者”的接近行为，并减少了“胜利者”的这种行为，尤其是那些已经消耗乙醇的“胜利者”。据推测，U-50,488H在这方面起部分激动剂的作用。焦虑增加可能与“失败者”中乙醇消耗增加有关，这可能与酒精成瘾的病因有关。
