Rvachew Susan, Grawburg Meghann
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2006 Feb;49(1):74-87. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2006/006).
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among variables that may contribute to poor phonological awareness (PA) skills in preschool-aged children with speech sound disorders (SSD).
Ninety-five 4- and 5-year-old children with SSD were assessed during the spring of their prekindergarten year. Linear structural equation modeling was used to compare the fit of 2 models of the possible relationships among PA, speech perception, articulation, receptive vocabulary, and emergent literacy skills.
Half the children had significant difficulty with speech perception and PA despite demonstrating receptive language skills within or above the average range. The model that showed the best fit to the data indicated that speech perception is a pivotal variable that has a direct effect on PA and an indirect effect that is mediated by vocabulary skills. Articulation accuracy did not have a direct impact on PA. Emergent literacy skills were predicted by PA abilities.
Children with SSD are at greatest risk of delayed PA skills if they have poor speech perception abilities and/or relatively poor receptive vocabulary skills. Children with SSD should receive assessments of their speech perception, receptive vocabulary, PA, and emergent literacy skills.
本研究旨在探讨可能导致患有语音障碍（SSD）的学龄前儿童语音意识（PA）技能较差的变量之间的关系。
在95名4岁和5岁患有SSD的儿童进入幼儿园前一年的春季进行评估。采用线性结构方程模型来比较PA、语音感知、发音、接受性词汇和早期读写技能之间可能关系的两种模型的拟合度。
尽管一半儿童的接受性语言技能处于或高于平均水平，但他们在语音感知和PA方面仍存在显著困难。与数据拟合度最佳的模型表明，语音感知是一个关键变量，对PA有直接影响，并且通过词汇技能产生间接影响。发音准确性对PA没有直接影响。早期读写技能由PA能力预测。
如果患有SSD的儿童语音感知能力较差和/或接受性词汇技能相对较差，那么他们PA技能延迟的风险最大。患有SSD的儿童应接受语音感知、接受性词汇、PA和早期读写技能的评估。
