Urban Constantin F, Reichard Ulrike, Brinkmann Volker, Zychlinsky Arturo
Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Schumannstrasse 21/22, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Cell Microbiol. 2006 Apr;8(4):668-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00659.x.
Neutrophils phagocytose and kill microbes upon phagolysosomal fusion. Recently we found that activated neutrophils form extracellular fibres that consist of granule proteins and chromatin. These neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) degrade virulence factors and kill Gram positive and negative bacteria. Here we show for the first time that Candida albicans, a eukaryotic pathogen, induces NET-formation and is susceptible to NET-mediated killing. C. albicans is the predominant aetiologic agent of fungal infections in humans, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. One major virulence trait of C. albicans is its ability to reversibly switch from singular budding cells to filamentous hyphae. We demonstrate that NETs kill both yeast-form and hyphal cells, and that granule components mediate fungal killing. Taken together our data indicate that neutrophils trap and kill ascomycetous yeasts by forming NETs.
中性粒细胞在吞噬溶酶体融合后吞噬并杀死微生物。最近我们发现，活化的中性粒细胞会形成由颗粒蛋白和染色质组成的细胞外纤维。这些中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（NETs）可降解毒力因子并杀死革兰氏阳性和阴性细菌。在此我们首次表明，真核病原体白色念珠菌可诱导NETs形成，并且易受NET介导的杀伤作用影响。白色念珠菌是人类真菌感染的主要病原体，尤其是在免疫功能低下的宿主中。白色念珠菌的一个主要毒力特征是其能够从单个芽殖细胞可逆地转变为丝状菌丝。我们证明，NETs可杀死酵母形式和菌丝细胞，并且颗粒成分介导真菌杀伤。综上所述，我们的数据表明中性粒细胞通过形成NETs来捕获并杀死子囊酵母菌。
