Diachun Laura L, Hillier Loretta M, Stolee Paul
Southwestern Ontario Regional Geriatric Program, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Mar;54(3):512-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00610.x.
In Canada, there is minimal training of geriatrics for physicians, a shortage of geriatricians, and extremely low numbers of students entering geriatrics. This study explored student interest in and barriers and enticements to geriatric medicine as a career choice. Medical students attending a university in Ontario, Canada, were surveyed in their first year (N=121), after a geriatric education session, and again in their second year (N=118) about their interest in a career in geriatrics. In the first year, less than 20% of students were interested in geriatrics; in the second year this decreased to 16%. In both years, female students were more interested than male students. Those students interested in geriatrics had higher hopes that their practice would involve primarily adults and seniors. Students not interested in geriatrics rated performing procedures and technical skills, not wanting to work with chronically ill patients, and caring for younger patients as important practice characteristics. Although the importance of prestige was low for all students, it was significantly higher for those not interested in geriatrics. Although changes to prestige, income, lifestyle, and length of residency training were identified as potential enticements to geriatrics, they were not major deterrents to a career in geriatrics. The findings suggest strategies that may affect student interest in geriatrics, such as increased and early student exposure to geriatrics with emphasis on fostering and nurturing student interest, consideration of various enticements to this specialty, and the development of health system-specific solutions to this problem. Knowledge of student and practice characteristics that increase the likelihood of selecting geriatrics as a specialty may allow for early identification and support of future geriatricians.
在加拿大,医生接受老年医学培训的机会极少,老年医学专家短缺,选择老年医学专业的学生数量也极低。本研究探讨了学生对老年医学作为职业选择的兴趣、障碍和诱因。对加拿大安大略省一所大学的医学生在第一年(N = 121)、参加老年医学教育课程后以及第二年(N = 118)进行了调查,询问他们对老年医学职业的兴趣。第一年,不到20%的学生对老年医学感兴趣;到了第二年,这一比例降至16%。在这两年中,女生比男生更感兴趣。那些对老年医学感兴趣的学生更希望他们的工作主要涉及成年人和老年人。对老年医学不感兴趣的学生将实施操作和技术技能、不想与慢性病患者共事以及照顾年轻患者视为重要的职业特点。尽管声誉对所有学生来说重要性都不高,但对那些对老年医学不感兴趣的学生来说,声誉的重要性明显更高。虽然声誉、收入、生活方式和住院医师培训时长的改变被认为是老年医学的潜在诱因,但它们并非从事老年医学职业的主要阻碍。研究结果表明了一些可能影响学生对老年医学兴趣的策略,例如增加学生早期接触老年医学的机会,并着重培养和激发学生的兴趣,考虑该专业的各种诱因,以及针对这一问题制定特定于卫生系统的解决方案。了解那些增加选择老年医学作为专业可能性的学生和职业特点,可能有助于尽早识别并支持未来的老年医学专家。