Jacobs Nele, Rijsdijk Fruhling, Derom Catherine, Vlietinck Robert, Delespaul Phillipe, van Os Jim, Myin-Germeys Inez
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, South-Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Psychosom Med. 2006 Mar-Apr;68(2):201-6. doi: 10.1097/01.psy.0000204919.15727.43.
Individual differences in stress reactivity constitute a crucially important mechanism of risk for depression. Because stress can be conceptualized as the continuous occurrence of minor daily hassles, this study focused on emotional reactivity to stress in the flow of daily life and examined to what degree individual differences in emotional reactivity could be explained by genetic and/or environmental factors.
Two hundred seventy-five female twin pairs (170 monozygotic and 105 dizygotic) participated in this experience sampling study (ESM). ESM is a validated structured diary technique assessing stressors and mood in daily life. Individual emotional stress reactivity was conceptualized as changes in negative affect in relation to appraised subjective stress in relation to daily events. Structural equation modeling was used to fit univariate models. The best fitting model was chosen based on likelihood and parsimony.
Genetic factors (explaining 12% individual differences) and individual-specific environmental factors (explaining 88%) influenced daily life stress reactivity.
The demonstration of a small genetic influence on the dynamic relationship between minor stress and affective response in the flow of daily life sheds light on the gene-environment interactions that contribute to the risk of developing stress related disorders such as depression.
应激反应的个体差异是抑郁症风险的一个至关重要的机制。由于应激可被概念化为日常轻微困扰的持续发生，本研究聚焦于日常生活中对应激的情绪反应，并考察情绪反应的个体差异在多大程度上可由遗传和/或环境因素来解释。
275对女性双胞胎（170对同卵双胞胎和105对异卵双胞胎）参与了这项经验取样研究（ESM）。ESM是一种经过验证的结构化日记技术，用于评估日常生活中的应激源和情绪。个体情绪应激反应被概念化为与对日常事件评估的主观应激相关的消极情绪变化。采用结构方程模型拟合单变量模型。基于似然性和简约性选择最佳拟合模型。
遗传因素（解释12%的个体差异）和个体特异性环境因素（解释88%）影响日常生活应激反应。
在日常生活中，轻微应激与情感反应之间的动态关系受到较小的遗传影响，这一发现揭示了基因-环境相互作用，这些相互作用导致了诸如抑郁症等与应激相关疾病的发病风险。
