塔那那利佛（马达加斯加）本地城市疟疾发病率低。

Low autochtonous urban malaria in Antananarivo (Madagascar).

作者信息

Rabarijaona Léon Paul, Ariey Frédéric, Matra Robert, Cot Sylvie, Raharimalala Andrianavalona Lucie, Ranaivo Louise Henriette, Le Bras Jacques, Robert Vincent, Randrianarivelojosia Milijaona

机构信息

Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274 Antananarivo-101, Madagascar, France.

出版信息

Malar J. 2006 Mar 31;5:27. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-5-27.

DOI:10.1186/1475-2875-5-27

PMID:16573843

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1484484/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The study of urban malaria is an area undergoing rapid expansion, after many years of neglect. The problem of over-diagnosis of malaria, especially in low transmission settings including urban areas, is also receiving deserved attention. The primary objective of the present study was to assess the frequency of malaria among febrile outpatients seen in private and public primary care facilities of Antananarivo. The second aim was to determine, among the diagnosed malaria cases, the contribution of autochthonous urban malaria.

METHODS

Two cross-sectional surveys in 43 health centres in Antananarivo in February 2003 (rainy season) and in July 2003 (dry season) were conducted. Consenting clinically suspected malaria patients with fever or history of fever in the past 48 hours were included. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy were used to diagnose malaria. Basic information was collected from patients to try to identify the origin of the infection: autochthonous or introduced.

RESULTS

In February, among 771 patients, 15 (1.9%) positive cases were detected. Three malaria parasites were implicated: Plasmodium. falciparum (n = 12), Plasmodium vivax (n = 2) and Plasmodium. ovale (n = 1). Only two cases, both P. falciparum, were likely to have been autochthonous (0.26%). In July, among 739 blood smears examined, 11 (1.5%) were positive: P. falciparum (n = 9) and P. vivax (n = 2). Three cases of P. falciparum malaria were considered to be of local origin (0.4%).

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrates that malaria cases among febrile episodes are low in Antananarivo and autochthonous malaria cases exist but are rare.

摘要

背景

在多年被忽视之后，城市疟疾研究领域正在迅速扩展。疟疾过度诊断的问题，尤其是在包括城市地区在内的低传播环境中，也受到了应有的关注。本研究的主要目的是评估在塔那那利佛的私立和公立初级保健机构中发热门诊患者的疟疾感染频率。第二个目的是在确诊的疟疾病例中确定本地城市疟疾的占比。

方法

于2003年2月（雨季）和2003年7月（旱季）在塔那那利佛的43个卫生中心进行了两项横断面调查。纳入了临床疑似患有疟疾且在过去48小时内有发热或发热史并同意参与的患者。使用疟疾快速诊断测试和显微镜检查来诊断疟疾。从患者那里收集基本信息，以试图确定感染源：本地感染还是输入性感染。

结果

2月，在771名患者中，检测到15例（1.9%）阳性病例。涉及三种疟原虫：恶性疟原虫（n = 12）、间日疟原虫（n = 2）和卵形疟原虫（n = 1）。只有两例恶性疟原虫病例可能是本地感染（0.26%）。7月，在739份血涂片检查中，11例（1.5%）呈阳性：恶性疟原虫（n = 9）和间日疟原虫（n = 2）。三例恶性疟疾病例被认为是本地起源（0.4%）。